No abstract

Highly complex droplets, such as flower-like droplets, are designed by incorporating liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) into the breakup of an aqueous film.

Forming thin tissue constructs with minimal extracellular matrix surrounding them is important for tissue engineering applications. Here, we explore and optimize a strategy that enables rapid fabrication of scaffold-free corneal tissue constructs using the liquid–liquid interface of an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) that is based on biocompatible polymers, dextran and polyethylene glycol. Intact tissue-like constructs, made of corneal epithelial or endothelial cells, can be formed on the interface between the two liquid phases of ATPS within hours and subsequently collected simply by removing the liquid phases. The formed corneal cell constructs express essential physiological markers and have preserved viability and proliferative ability in vitro. The corneal epithelial cell constructs are also able to re-epithelialize the corneal epithelial wound in vitro. The results suggest the promise of our reported strategy in corneal repair.