This study aimed to identify the degree of dependence of institutionalized older adults in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It consists of a cross-sectional descriptive study, developed in three non-profit geriatric long-term care facilities in this municipality. The sample was comprised of 125 older adults and data were collected with the use of the Katz Index. Data were presented by descriptive and bivariate analysis. Independence was observed in 41.6% (n = 52), partial dependence in 15.2% (n = 19) and total dependence in 43.2% (n = 54). The elderly have better ability to perform feeding (86.4%, n = 108) and transferring (67.2%, n = 84) activities. Thus, this study suggests the need for continuous monitoring to prevent functional disability in this population group.