Subject. The high prevalence of oral mucosal leukoplakia, its often recurrent course and the possibility of malignancy makes the problem of finding effective methods of diagnosis and treatment of this pathology urgent. Many methods of acting lesions have been proposed, but individual studies cannot demonstrate evidence of the advantages of one treatment method over another. Objectives. On the basis of modern literature to determine effective methods of diagnosis and treatment of various forms of leukoplakia. Methodology. The information bases are analyzed: PubMed, Elibrary, GoogleScholar, Medline, Cyberleninka. Combinations of keywords were used for the search. Results. 593 articles were found according to the declared keywords. The number of articles remaining after applying the exclusion criteria is 58, after analyzing the annotations for compliance with the content of the stated review topic – 24. Analyzing the literature sources, it was determined that the diagnosis of the disease is carried out using clinical and histological studies. Elimination of the lesion with a laser occurs with a minimum of side effects, unlike traditional surgical treatment; recurrence of the disease occurs regardless of the chosen treatment method and is associated with the area of the lesion, its location and the presence of bad habits in patients; the most effective methods are argonoplasmic coagulation, erbium laser radiation and diode laser, allowing to achieve complete epithelialization in 7 days; also worthy alternative methods of treatment of oral leukoplakia are cryosurgery and photodynamic therapy. Conclusions. In order to diagnose of oral mucosal leukoplakia, a clinical study with histological verification of the diagnosis is used. Conservative methods of treatment of oral leukoplakia are not always effective, especially with erosive and verrucose forms. In such a situation, a dentist is forced to resort to surgical excision of foci to prevent further development of the disease and transformation into a malignant neoplasm. Traditional methods of surgical treatment are gradually being replaced by more modern effective methods that allow obtaining an aesthetic result with a favorable course of the postoperative period.

<p>The presence of conditionally pathogenic fungi of candida in the periodontal pocket reduces the efficiency of therapy of inflammatory periodontal diseases. Modern ultrasound technology allows to  remove biofilm, increasing the effectiveness of complex therapy candida- associated periodontal disease.</p>

Subject. Anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex. Objectives. To evaluate microcirculatory, clinical and radiological changes in periodontal tissues in various variants of mucogingival complex disorders. Methodology. The study was conducted at the Department of Therapeutic Dentistry of ASMU. In the course of the study, 80 patients (49 women, 31 men) aged 18 to 35 years were examined with a ratio of dentition close to orthognathic bite in the presence of maximum occlusion. Three groups were formed depending on the anatomical and functional state of the mucogingival complex. In the clinical part of the study, an objective assessment of the condition of periodontal tissues was carried out on the basis of a dental examination with a comprehensive analysis of the periodontal status. The X-ray examination included the analysis and description of cone-beam computed tomograms for patients of clinical groups. To assess microcirculation in periodontal tissues, the method of ultrasonic Dopplerography with functional probe breakdown was used. Results. In the studied groups, the level of oral hygiene was characterized as good, and the indicators of hygiene indices did not differ significantly, periodontal indices indicated the absence or minimal degree of inflammation in periodontal tissues. Carrying out a functional tension test made it possible to divide patients into subgroups according to the type of reaction: normal, compensated, subcompensated, decompensated. According to the results of the study of CBCT in the comparison group, pathological changes in the bone tissue of the alveolar process of the studied areas were not recorded, in patients of the first clinical group, in most cases (80.2%), pathological changes in the bone tissue of the alveolar process were not observed, in the rest (19.8%), a low level of alveolar bone was noted. In patients of the second clinical group, the phenomena of osteoporosis and an increase in the distance from the dental enamel-cement border to the edge of the outer cortical plate were recorded. Conclusions. X-ray changes in bone tissue most often corresponded to the already existing clinical symptoms of periodontal tissue damage against the background of mucogingival pathology. The predictors of prenosological diagnosis in anatomical and functional disorders of the mucogingival complex were changes in microcirculation indicators.

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