This research has investigated the retrospective trends in financing startups in Ukraine corresponding to the socio-demographic characteristics of startuppers (founders). Studying the dependences between the amount of funding and the qualitative characteristics of startuppers has made it possible to determine the socio-demographic predictors of making a positive decision regarding the financing of startups. As the current study has shown, in order to receive an investment, a startupper must meet the investor's expectations regarding reliability, qualifications, experience, and potential prospects. The investor analyzes not only the business idea of the startup but also the potential recipient for compliance with a series of socio-demographic predictors such as gender, age, level, and specialization of education. It has been proven that the largest amount of funding for startups in Ukraine is received by male funders, aged 35 to 45, who have a higher technical education. Startup investors consider such startuppers a priority for their investments since they see the least risks and a high probability of successful deployment of invested funds. The identified investors' preferences when choosing startup founders can be extrapolated to the startup environment of any country, however, they may change over time, depending on the specificity of the situation in the investment country. To rationally solve problems in the financial subsystem of startup management, it is necessary to preliminary determine the socio-demographic predictors of priority investment of startups of the respective country and area of activity. The practical tools for determining such predictors have been tested during this study. The practical significance of the research is due to the growing pace of development of startup technologies, the need to improve the effectiveness of the startup management financial subsystem, and increase the efficiency of the startup support infrastructure

The integration of Ukraine’s economy into the European space requires the dynamic and balanced development of all its sectors, especially the transport sector. The purpose of the research is to identify the factors related to transport entrepreneurship that affect the economic development of Ukraine, in particular regarding the formation of added value (gross regional product). The paper presents the author’s definition of transport entrepreneurship as an independent, systematic, and risky entrepreneurial activity in providing transport services. The results revealed a negative trend in the formation of the added value of the transport enterprises of Ukraine, both in terms of value and as a percentage of GDP. This prompted the authors to determine the factors affecting the formation of gross added value (gross regional product) by transport enterprises of Ukraine to further develop proposals aimed at their activation. Four models were created in the first stage of the research to achieve the goal. These models are based on gross regional product in transport, warehousing, postal and courier activities; gross regional product in transport, warehousing, and postal and courier activities per capita; gross value added in transport, warehousing, and postal and courier activities; and gross value added in transport, warehousing, and postal and courier activities per capita. In the second stage of the research, the fifth model with the highest correlation coefficients was built, which made it possible to identify the factors of negative and positive influence on the formation of gross added value (gross regional product) by transport enterprises in Ukraine. Based on the results, a number of measures are proposed to stimulate factors of positive influence and neutralize negative influence. The proposed tools for identifying the factors related to transport entrepreneurship that affect the economic development of Ukraine can serve as markers for the formation of the country’s post-war strategy in the field of transport entrepreneurship.

В статті викладені відмітні характеристики поняття «розвиток» від інших станів існування підприємства. Запропонована класифікація процесів розвитку за такими ознаками як : напрям та типовість змін, швидкість, врахування стану зовнішнього середовища, збалансованість, ресурсне забезпечення, керованість, гармонійність, порушення життєздатності, відношення до змін, предметна царина змін. Розглянуті передумови та наслідки процесів розвитку підприємства Ключові слова: підприємство, розвиток, функціонування, вдосконалення, ознаки розвитку, типи розвитку, інноваційний розвиток, предметна царина розвитку, стани підприємства в процесі розвитку, управління розвитком The article is devoted to the author's understanding of differences between concepts "development" from other models enterprise existence. Classification of developments by such signs as: direction and typicalness of changes, speed, acceptence of environment condition, balance, resource providing, controllability, harmony, viability violation, relation to changes, subject sphere of changes. The author considered some prerequisites and consequences of developments of the enterprises Keywords: enterprise, development, operation, improvement, signs, types of development, innovative development, substantive realm of development, state of the enterprise in the process of development, development management Дата надходження рукопису 27.04.2015 Лігоненко Лариса Олександрівна, доктор економічних наук, професор, кафедра менеджменту, Київський національний економічний університет ім. В. Гетьмана, пр. Перемоги,

39очень важно мотивировать их к труду. Для лучшего понимания смысла мотивации в статье исследованы сущность и смысл человеческого труда.Обосновано, что наиболее ценной считается та работа, где работник чувствует свою необходимость, полезность. Этого мнения в большей степени придерживаются работники зрелого возраста. Те виды работ, где лучшая орга-низация труда, сплоченный коллектив, благоприятные условия труда, являются более привлекательными для молодых работников. Повышению профессионально-квалификационного уровня отдают предпочтение работники среднего возраста, причем с достижениями определенной возрастной границы эта закономерность начинает снижаться. В качестве важных факторов мотивации персонала рассматривают субъективные факторы выбора профессии и уровня квалификации, уровень престижности труда.На повышение качества и удовлетворенности трудом влияют определенные группы факторов. Однако в статье отмечается, что факторов, которые снижают уровень готовности к работе, больше. К причинам демотивации персо-нала относят несправедливую оплату, плохие условия труда, отсутствие организационной четкости, неприемлемый стиль руководства, сформированную корпоративнуюя культуру, отсутствие профессионального роста, отсутствие возможности обучения, нехватку квалифицированных специалистов и руководителей, которые способны оценивать и принимать решения о соответствии кандидата имеющейся вакансии, неспособность обеспечить работников высокой квалификации их дальнейшим ростом, прием на работу сотрудников, которые не заинтересованы в ней, невозможность обезпечить ожидания работников и предприятия, неспособность работника быстро реагировать и принимать правильные решения в нестандартных ситуациях, отсутствие условий, при которых мотивы сотрудника способствовали бы его эффективной профессиональной деятельности и т. под. Доказано, что устранение причин снижения мотивации -залог успешной работы по управлению персоналом.Ключевые слова: системы мотивации труда, содержательность труда, демотиваторы, направления повы-шения эффективности труда.Lubov Lipych, Oksana Kchilycha, Myroslava Kushnir, Viktor Zagoruyko. Prerequisites for Effective Motivation of Employees. It is very important to motivate employees in the process of their work to achieve high productivity. For better understanding of the meaning of motivation, the article investigates the essence and the meaning of human labor. It is proved that the most valuable is the work, where the employee feels their own necessity and usefulness. This opinion is more closely adhered to by employees of the mature age. Those kinds of work where organization of work is better, teamwork is preferable, working conditions arefavorable become more attractive to youngemployees. Middle ageworkers are interested toincrease their vocational qualifications, whereas achieving a certain age limit, this pattern begins to decline. The important factors in the staff motivation are the subjective factors of the choice of profession and the level of skills, determined by the level of prestige of work. Certain...

Effective economic activity of any enterprise, regardless of size, is an important factor in the economic and social development of the country's economy, improving the welfare and quality of life of the population, increasing the GDP of the state and the like. To succeed in business today, entrepreneurs need to be flexible and have good planning and organization skills. The growing uncertainty and variability of the external environment require entrepreneurs and managers to be highly competent in setting up business structures. Accordingly, the question arises of determining the ultimate goal of the creation and operation of the business (enterprise), as well as the formation of the terminological field (set of terms), which are used for this purpose. The purpose of the article is to deepen the study of the problem of assessing the success of entrepreneurship and ways to increase the success of small and medium-sized businesses. The relevance of the article lies in the need to disclose the content of the concept of "enterprise success", which is an integral qualitative characteristic of the state of the enterprise, reflects the presence of competitive advantages and the potential for further development. The article describes the characteristics of the concept of "enterprise success" through the systematization of the definition of the concept by other authors and highlighting the key aspects of focusing attention. The methodological approaches to assessing the success of the business of various scientists are highlighted and their developments are analyzed. Theoretical research methods have been applied to form new hypotheses regarding the definition and analysis of academic performance. The result of the study was the selection and meaningful disclosure of the most important criteria for the success of an enterprise, including measures of success for both owners and consumers and partners / investors. A “portrait” of a successful enterprise has been formed.