Fungal infections are a public health problem. Mycoses are neglected, some are related to regions with low human development and under the influence of climatic conditions. The study aimed to analyze a series of hospitalizations due to mycoses (HM) that occurred in Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 1998 to 2018, as outcomes of anthropic and climate variability. We performed predictive analyses using Spearman’s rank correlation and logistic regression modeling to determine the correlation between HM and social, demographic, economic, epidemiological, and climate factors in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were obtained from national databases from 1998 to 2018. We found significant correlations between HM and population size, demographic density, health facilities (negative correlations), rural population, and coffee area harvested or cultivated (positive correlations), indicating that living in small urban centers is a strong predictor. We find weak but statistically significant associations between HM and meteorological conditions. Interestingly, the outbreak of hospitalizations matched La Niña events in the municipality with the highest frequency of hospitalization due to mycoses in Minas Gerais. Complex interactions among social, demographic, economic, and climatic factors drive mycoses dynamics. This work provides evidence that climatic and human activities influences hospitalizations due to mycoses in a Brazilian region.
Cinnamaldehyde (CNM) is a cyclic terpene alcohol found as the major compound of essential oils from some plants of the genus Cinnamomum (Lauraceae). CNM has several reported pharmacological activities that include antimicrobial, antivirulence, antioxidant and imunommodulatory effects. These properties make CNM an attractive lead molecule for development of anti-infective agents. In this descriptive review, we discuss the application of CNM in experimental models of microbial infection using invertebrate and vertebrate organisms. CNM (pure or in formulations) has been successfully applied in the treatment of infections caused by a range of bacterial (such as Cronobacter sakazakii, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enterica, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Vibrio cholerae) and fungal (such as Aspergillus fumigatus, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans) pathogens. All these experimental evidence-based lessons have promoted the use of cinnamaldehyde as leading molecule for the development of new anti-infective drugs.
A pandemia da COVID-19 trouxe mudanças no cotidiano em todo o mundo, o isolamento e o distanciamento social aumentaram a busca por informações em redes sociais e meios de comunicação. As fake news geraram confusão e insegurança. Nesse contexto, cientistas, profissionais e estudantes da saúde desempenham um papel importante no esclarecimento de dúvidas da população. Para avaliar o conhecimento de estudantes do Curso de Enfermagem da Universidade Federal do Maranhão em relação à pandemia da COVID-19, foi aplicado um questionário eletrônico abordando fatos e fake news. Verificamos que 90,8% afirmaram que as fake news podem ter contribuído para aumentar a transmissão do vírus SARS-COV2. Jornais televisivos, sites de notícias e artigos científicos foram os meios usados, com 81.8%, 72.7% e 68.2%, respectivamente e 40% usaram redes sociais. Os estudantes consideraram fake news: 86.4% a hipótese de que o vírus possa ter sido criado em laboratório,100% que o vírus possa ser resultante da influência eletromagnética da rede de dados, 95.5% que o uso de termômetros infravermelhos cause danos cerebrais,100% que drogas como a Cloroquina, Ivermectina e Azitromicina possam ser utilizadas tanto para prevenção como para o tratamento e 100% de que quem já teve COVID-19 não precisa ser vacinado. Como intervenção, foi realizada uma palestra online, identificando os pontos prejudiciais e susceptíveis de divulgações falsas, seguida de questionário pós-intervenção. Constatamos que 100% dos estudantes responderam ser capazes de diferenciar fake news de informações verdadeiras, evidenciando a importância de fontes confiáveis e a transmissão de orientações verdadeiras à população.
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