Pseudomonas maltophilia is resistant to most of the commonly used antimicrobial agents including those active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The susceptibility of 14 clinical isolates of P. maltophilia to 18 antimicrobial agents was determined by broth dilution testing. All organisms were susceptible to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMZ), minocycline, and LY127935. A total of 87 and 79% of the organisms were susceptible in vitro to colistin and chloramphenicol, respectively. With the exception of sisomicin, the organisms were resistant to the aminoglycosides. Of 21 combinations of antimicrobials examined for synergy, only the combination of TMP-SMZ with carbenicillin was consistently (86%) synergistic in vitro. Supplementation of the testing media with calcium and magnesium increased the miniimal inhibitory concentrations for the aminoglycosides, the penicillins, and TMP-SMZ against P. maltophilia.

Salmonella typhi antigens D, Vi, and d were detected in the urine of 59 out of 61 (97%) bacteriologically confirmed typhoid fever patients by slide coagglutination with monovalent antisera coupled to protein A-rich staphylococci. These antigens were also detected in the urine of an additional 22 patients, 16 of whom subsequently demonstrated seroconversion by S. typhi 0 antibody agglutination, but from whom the bacterium was not isolated. The remaining 13 patients had negative urine coagglutination results, no isolation of S. typhi from blood or stool specimens, and no demonstration of seroconversion. These results suggest that the method of slide coagglutination of urine can be used to screen patients with suspected typhoid fever with a high degree of reliability. The method may also have potential importance in the diagnosis of typhoid when the bacterium is not isolated.

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