The presented collective work was prepared during the implementation of the annual plan of research works of the Book Chamber of Ukraine named after Ivan Fedorov. This article raises the issue of publishing graphic editions in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (USSR). The chronological boundaries of the study cover 1953 — a historic stage that was a turning point in the development of the world. A number of mutually conditioned events are connected with the year of Joseph Stalin's death. The beginning of the abolition of long-standing tyrannical rule in the USSR, the formation of a liberal regime in the world's first socialist country led to tectonic shifts in the entire structure of the then socialist camp and symptomatic fluctuations in most newly established people's democracies. 1953 was the first year of Khrushchev's "thaw" in Soviet Ukraine, which at that time was still living in a "post-war" war in the western regions of the USSR. The defining stages of this period, of course, affected the publishing business of the republic, however, the controversial component of the process of liberalization of socio-political life in the USSR (condemnation of Stalin's cult, carefully launched then the process of rehabilitation of innocent victims of Stalinism) did not find its bright reflection. First of all, this applies to loose-leaf graphic editions, which, taking into account the diversity of genres and the propaganda orientation of its own functionality, should be the first to react to the announced events. Meanwhile, the fund of graphic editions processed by us in the 1953 segment testifies to the complete alienation of the publishing business of the Ukrainian SSR from the shocking events of that time. Ukrainian Soviet printing, apparently, pursued a course to preserve the inertia of previous years, which was reflected in all types of loose-leaf graphic editions, such as: postcards, portraits, posters and more.

The presented article raises the issue of the board of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union M. Khrushchev (1953—1964). The author's research is devoted to the last year of Khrushchev's stay. The era of Khrushchev's rule, which was easily called the "thaw" by the writer Ilya Ehrenburg, was marked by a large number of social changes. 1964 was no exception, which was the last in the political biography of M. Khrushchev. The source base for this study was the periodical of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Ukraine, the magazine "Communist of Ukraine", which is stored in the State Archives of the Book Chamber of Ukraine in the form of annual sets of notebooks. Based on the conceptual foundations of domestic historical science and applying the method of content analysis, the author studied the 1964 journals and commented on priority topics for that time, namely: the problem of the international communist movement in the context of aggravation of Soviet-Chinese relations; the question of the formation of the United Nations and the participation in this process of representatives of the Ukrainian SSR; the main aspects of the then industrial development of the USSR, in particular, the intensification of chemical, coal, iron ore, machine-building industries; development of innovative scientific directions and technologies — bionics, cybernetics, etc.; radical changes in the organization of agricultural production. Based on the elaborated general, the author analyzed the state and acceptance of the most resonant themes of humanitarian content, because 1964 was a jubilee year. It was then that the republic celebrated the 150th anniversary of the birth of T. Shevchenko, the 25th anniversary of the reunification of Western Ukrainian lands with Soviet Ukraine, the 20th anniversary of the liberation of the Ukrainian SSR from the Nazi occupiers. A sign of the times was more than a modest celebration of the 70th anniversary of the birth of M. Khrushchev, after all, announced at the twentieth Congress of the CPSU course to eradicate the cult of personality remained a "sacred cow" of the Khrushchev "thaw". This year, through the efforts of P. Tronko, spread in Ukraine the idea of a non-academic order of compiling a large encyclopedic work on historical local lore, initiating the writing of a 26-volume "History of Cities and Villages of the Ukrainian SSR."

The presented article raises the problem of Ukrainian statehood, which is always relevant and emphasized on the eve of the 30th anniversary, in the context of its initial — Cossack — segment. The article is devoted to the history of state formation, initiated and generated by the Zaporozhian (Sich) and Ukrainian urban (Hetmanate) Cossacks. The author's classification of the Cossack period of national history according to such features as chronology of liberation struggles, character of confrontation and struggle, attributive registration of statehood (in particular, institutionalization of branches of state power and their documentary fixation in legislative (constitutional) acts is noted in the work. The author captures the stages of Cossack statehood (Christian republic-protostate, monarchical hetman state, autonomous Hetmanate as part of tsarist Russia), arguing the obvious regression in its development. Avoiding the possible politicization of the scientific problem, the author deliberately chose retrocontent as the primary source for this study, namely, the works of the most authoritative, without exaggeration, legendary Ukrainian historians of the end of the XIX — first third of the last century, such as: M. Hrushevsky, M. Drahomanov, B. Grinchenko, G. Khotkevych, L. Tsehelsky, G. Kovalenko (Hetmanets), P. Klepatsky, V. Riznychenko and others. The latter cannot be suspected of "treacherous" sentiments, although they cite harsh critical maxims, presenting the past and its participants comprehensively and objectively, while not hiding their personal feelings. An interesting circumstance of their mutual view is the extremely negative attitude towards I. Mazepa, a figure glorified in modern Ukraine, who became the foundation of the education of Ukrainian society. The highlight of the study is the citation of the "Constitution of Kostya Gordienko", older than the legal document of P. Orlyk and quoted in the work of L. Tsegelsky "Russia-Ukraine and Moscow-Russia".

The presented article raises the problem of the development of an institutional thing for any nation, namely, the problem of language. Given the centuries-old stateless life of the Ukrainian nation and the extremely unfavorable conditions for the development of its language, the latter needed not so much genesis as a statement of its existence and the realization of the natural right to preserve and enrich. Participants in this important rescue work were figures of national and cultural revival of Ukraine in the late XVIII — early XX centuries, the Ukrainian national democratic revolution and the struggle for the preservation of Ukrainian statehood 1917—1921, frontists of Western Ukraine in 1920—1930, who fought desperately against the forcible Polonization, Romanianization, and Magyarization of Ukrainians in the interwar period, representatives of the Sixties and dissident movements in the USSR, who cherished their native language at the time of the establishment of the Russian language in the USSR as a language of interethnic communication. The apotheosis of the struggle of the latter was the proclamation of the state status of the Ukrainian language in October 1989. Based on the press of the USSR—USSR, the author argues that a significant contribution to the preservation and development of the Ukrainian language was made by the Bolshevik political campaign. The policy of indigenization proclaimed in 1923 in the conditions of Ukraine turned into a large-scale and long-term Ukrainization. The course and achievements of the latter were clearly reflected in the pages of Ukrainian Soviet periodicals (scientific, socio-political, literary and artistic, etc.). At the same time, the author testifies not only to the scale but also to the prolongation of the campaign until the early 1960s and 1970s, which gives grounds to reject the now widespread thesis that the tragic suicide of Ukrainian communist Mykola Skrypnyk in 1933 put an end to implementation. campaign of Ukrainization in the USSR—USSR.

The presented article continues a number of author's researches devoted to the history of domestic periodicals. The prepared publication raises the issue of periodicals published in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic in the first years after the end of the Second World War. The subject of the study was the regional socio-political and literary-artistic magazine "Soviet Lviv", which was published for six years — from 1945 to 1951. The magazine of the Lviv branch of the Union of Soviet Writers of Ukraine became a worthy continuation of the pre-war editions of the western Ukrainian region, namely: the Galician magazine "Literature and Art" (edited by Oleksa Desnyak) and the almanac "Soviet Bukovyna" (edited by O. Kobylyanska). The publication of "Soviet Lviv" coincided with the appearance of the magazine "Soviet Transcarpathia". In general, these publications played an important ideological role — the latter were an effective mechanism for the Sovietization of the western Ukrainian lands annexed to the USSR. According to their functional purpose, magazines became a powerful tool of communist propaganda and agitation. So, it is not surprising that the editorial board of the magazine "Soviet Lviv" included not only the leaders of the local party authorities (in particular, the secretary of the Lviv regional committee of the CP(b)U for propaganda and agitation I. Mazepa), but also representatives of the highest circles of ideologically motivated Ukrainian writers (somehow, one of the co-authors of the National Anthem of the USSR "Long live Ukraine, beautiful and strong" M. Bazhan). At the same time, against the background of propaganda, the magazine quite persistently promoted publications of Ukrainian studies, including scientific ones, which was certainly facilitated by the presence in the editorial board of the famous Ukrainian Soviet literary critic, Academician of the USSR M. Vozniak. Based on the content analysis, the author came to the conclusion that the magazine "Soviet Lviv" was one of the centers of republican French studies and a platform for the popularization of the best examples of Ukrainian literary classics.