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To characterize the pneumonic lesions of sheep in Kashmir Valley, India, 257 lungs were collected and processed for routine histopathological examination. Histoenzymatic study was also performed to ascertain the activity of alkaline and acid phosphatases in and around the various lesions. The pneumonic lungs were characterized as acute bronchopneumonia, chronic bronchopneumonia, fibrinous bronchopneumonia, suppurative bronchopneumonia, and interstitial bronchopneumonia. Mast cell hyperplasia and fibroplasia were characteristically observed in chronic lesions while as all the pneumonic lesions were associated with disruption and disorientation of elastin fibers and qualitative increase in acid and neutral mucopolysaccharides.

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Studies on Pneumocystis jirovecii dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) genotypes among non-HIV immunocompromised patients from developing countries are rare. In the present prospective investigation, 24 (11.8%) cases were found to be positive for Pneumocystis jirovecii out of 203 non-HIV patients with a clinical suspicion of Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP). Dihydropteroate synthase (DHPS) genotype 1 (Thr55+Pro57) was noted in 95.8% P. jirovecii isolates in the present study in contrast to only 4.1% of patients with DHPS genotype 4 (Thr55Ala + Pro57Ser).

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