Fistulotomy with sphincter reconstruction is an effective technique for the treatment of complex fistula-in-ano. Continence and anal manometry results were improved in incontinent patients and were not jeopardized in continent ones. Fistulotomy with sphincter reconstruction is an especially suitable technique for incontinent patients with recurrent fistulas.

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The effect of preoperative immunonutrition intake on postoperative major complications in patients following cytoreductive surgery (CRS) with or without hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) was assessed. The accuracy of C-Reactive Protein (CRP) for detecting postoperative complications was also analyzed. Patients treated within a peritoneal carcinomatosis program in which a complete or optimal cytoreduction was achieved were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into two groups based on whether preoperative immunonutrition (IMN) or not (non-IMN) were administered. Clinical and surgical variables and postoperative complications were gathered. Predictive values of major morbidity of CRP during the first 3 postoperative days (POD) were also evaluated. A total of 107 patients were included, 48 belonging to the IMN group and 59 to the non-IMN group. In multivariate analysis immunonutrition (OR 0.247; 95%CI 0.071–0.859; p = 0.028), and the number of visceral resections (OR 1.947; 95%CI 1.086–3.488; p = 0.025) emerged as independent factors associated with postoperative major morbidity. CRP values above 103 mg/L yielded a negative predictive value of 84%. Preoperative intake of immunonutrition was associated with a decrease of postoperative major morbidity and might be recommended to patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis following CRS. Measuring CRP levels during the 3 first postoperative days is useful to rule out major morbidity.