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This article places Foucault's 1977 suggestions regarding the reform of French rape law in the context of ongoing feminist debates as to whether rape should be considered a sex crime or a species of assault. When viewed as a disciplinary matrix with both physical and discursive effects, rape and the rape trial clearly contribute to the “hysterization” of women by cultivating complainants' confessions in order to demonstrate their supposed lack of self‐knowledge.

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“To will that there be being,” Simone de Beauvoir wrote in The Ethics of Ambiguity, “is also to will that there be men by and for whom the world is endowed with human significations. … To make being ‘be’ is to communicate with others by means of being.”...

Diverse meanings of 'sovereignty' and 'exchange' force us to interrogate the implicit ontology of states and the associated assumptions about will, matter and spirit used by political theorists, evoking different religious and political traditions. This article contrasts the notion of 'sovereignty' found in Joseph Tonda's Le Souverain Moderne (2005) with the one found in Michael Hardt and Antonio Negri's Empire (2000). Tonda's text, I argue, challenges and complicates the appropriateness of referring to early Christianity as a model for resistance to global capitalism in Empire. To help with this contrast, I draw on two Central African authors, Emmanuel Dongala (2006) andJoseph Mwantuali (2007), whose novels illustrate the supernatural as well as thoroughly material significance of state power, wealth and sexuality in the modern Sovereign.