El confinamiento por la COVID-19 ha ocasionado diversos cambios sociales, pero se desconoce su impacto en el autoconcepto físico. El presente trabajo tuvo por objetivo analizar la percepción del autoconcepto físico en estudiantes universitarios en tiempos de confinamiento por COVID-19. Se aplicó el cuestionario de autoconcepto físico Physical Self Questionnaire a estudiantes universitarios. Para la selección de la muestra se utilizó el procedimiento de muestreo aleatorio estratificado con un nivel de confianza al 99% y un margen de error al 5%, para un total de 499 universitarios de Bogotá, Colombia. El instrumento obtuvo valores aceptables de alfa de Cronbach a nivel general (.943) y por dimensiones. En la percepción del autoconcepto físico a nivel general y por dimensiones los hombres obtuvieron mejores puntuaciones que las mujeres. A su vez, los estudiantes de estratos socioeconómicos más altos presentan menores puntuaciones que los de estratos más bajos. Respecto a la edad, aquellos universitarios de mayor edad presentan menores puntuaciones en autoestima, fuerza muscular, condición física y competencia percibida. Es importante dentro de las universidades la implementación de programas de intervención dirigidas a la promoción de la salud mental relacionadas con el autoconcepto físico, la imagen corporal, la autoestima, además de otros aspectos de la salud mental y física que pueden estar siendo afectados por el confinamiento COVID-19. Confinement by COVID-19 has led to various social changes, but its impact on physical self-concept is unknown. The purpose of this work was to analyze the perception of physical self-concept in university students in times of confinement due to Covid-19. The Physical Self Questionnaire was applied to university students. For the selection of the sample the stratified random sampling procedure, for a total of 499 university students from Bogotá, Colombia. The instrument obtained acceptable Cronbach's alpha values at the general level (.943) and by dimensions. In the perception of physical self-concept at a general level and by dimensions, men obtained better scores than women. In turn, students from higher socioeconomic strata have lower scores than those from lower strata. Regarding age, older university students present lower scores in self-esteem, muscular strength, physical condition and perceived competition. The implementation of intervention programs aimed at promoting mental health related to physical self-concept, body image, self-esteem, in addition to other aspects of mental and physical health that may be affected by the COVID-19 confinement is important within universities. O confinamento pela COVID-19 resultou em uma série de mudanças sociais, mas seu impacto sobre o autoconceito físico é desconhecido. O objetivo da investigação foi analisar a percepção do autoconceito físico em estudantes universitários em tempos de confinamento causado pelo COVID – 19. Foi aplicado o questionário de autoconceito físico Physical Self Questionnaire em estudantes universitários maiores de idade. Para a seleção da amostra foi utilizado o procedimento de amostragem aleatória estratificada, para um total de 499 estudantes universitários de Bogotá, Colômbia. O instrumento obteve valores aceitáveis de alfa de Cronbach a nível geral (.943) e por dimensões. Na percepção do autoconceito físico ao nível geral e pelas dimensões, os homens obtiveram melhores pontuações do que as mulheres. Por sua vez, os alunos de níveis socioeconômicos mais altos apresentaram pontuação menor do que os alunos de níveis mais baixos. Em relação à idade, os universitários mais velhos apresentam scores mais baixos em autoestima, forca muscular, condição física e percepção de competição. É essencial que nas universidades ocorra a implementação de programas de intervenção dirigidas a promoção da saúde mental relacionada ao autoconceito físico, imagem corporal, autoestima, além de outros aspectos da saúde mental e física que possam ser afetados por Confinamento COVID-19.
Introduction: Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses have suggested that physical activity programs combining low impact exercises and resistance exercises help maintaining functional capacity in older adults.Objective: To analyze the effects of an aquatic training program involving both impact and explosive exercises on gait parameters of women aged 60 and above.Materials and methods: 60 physically active women (64.08±3.98 years) were divided into 2 groups: those training in a pool by performing series of jumps, i.e., the experimental group (EG= 35), and the control group (CG=35). EG participants trained 3 times per week during 32 weeks in an hour per session basis. Body composition measurements, explosive strength, and gait parameters (in a 6 meters long track) were assessed using the center of pressure (COP) indicator before and after participating in the training program.Results: When comparing both groups, differences in explosive strength and power (EG vs. CG; p values=from 0.05 to 001) were observed, as well as changes in gait parameters related to the COP (EG vs. CG: p = 0.05-001), in particular EG participants had significant and positive changes.Conclusion: The aquatic training program described here produced an increase in muscle strength and muscle power, thus gait parameters were improved. Bearing this in mind, an improved availability of similar programs for older adults should be considered, since their participation in these programs could help them improve their functional capacity, and, thus, their quality of life.
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