The Canadian Century Research Infrastructure (CCRI) aims to build historical data sets from the 1911-1951 Canadian census manuscripts. To enhance the meaning of the microdata, and to enable users to apprehend the spatial dimension of the phenomena they study, the CCRI integrates as much geographical information as the census can provide and also provides users with resources to map selected data or the results they get. A framework to conduct basic or sophisticated spatial analyses is also provided. The integration of geographical information necessitates the reconstitution of the entire geography of census taking, as well as of census dissemination, through the first half of the twentieth century. The raw material of the census manuscript is organized according to enumeration areas, whereas the basic spatial unit of dissemination is the census subdivision listed in the published aggregate census returns. [Ed. Census bureau terminology (from 1911 to 1951) used census district and census subdistrict for the two basic spatial units for census taking as well as compilation and dissemination. Hereinafter, we will use the present-day terminology-census division and census subdivision-favored by the CCRI and Statistics Canada.] To spatially process and map the microdata as entered and the aggregate data as published, polygon files are being created for nearly 32,000 subdivisions and managed within a geodatabase. The files form the fundamental fabric to which microdata and aggregate data are both linked. The authors address the unexpected challenges that arise from the realities of historical census data and provide an overview of the limitations and the technical framework of the overall geographical component of the CCRI.

Cet article explore les caractéristiques de la reproduction familiale au sein du groupe socio-professionnel que forment les travailleurs du cuir dans la ville de Québec au tournant du xx e siècle. Il en examine les dimensions sociale, spatiale et familiale de manière à contextualiser les dynamiques de reproduction en période d’industrialisation. Ancrée dans une perspective d’histoire sociale, cette étude vise à outrepasser la dichotomie entre, d’un côté, les interprétations matérialistes, et, de l’autre, les interprétations culturelles des changements démographiques. Nous nous concentrons ici sur les dynamiques de l’économie familiale issues de l’enchevêtrement des expériences individuelles de travail et du vivre ensemble au quotidien ainsi que des perceptions des normes et rôles accolés aux hommes, femmes et enfants. Nous adoptons une perspective analytique qui s’appuie sur les concepts de communication communities et de réseaux familiaux multigénérationnels en examinant de manière très détaillée la distribution résidentielle et les réseaux de parenté de ces familles. Pour ce faire, nous tirons profit des microdonnées du recensement de 1911, lesquelles ont été géoréférencées à l’échelle du bâtiment et jumelées aux registres de l’état civil. Les résultats de cette micro-étude apportent un éclairage nouveau sur les comportements de fécondité et sur la complexité de l’articulation entre les modes de production et les stratégies de reproduction.

SUMMARYFuture broadband satellite networks for multimedia will be seamlessly integrated into terrestrial broadband networks which often use asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) and recently also the less complex multi protocol label switching (MPLS) technique as transmission and switching protocol. In light of this, future broadband satellite networks may adopt the ATM transmission scheme and implement ATM or ATM-like switches on board the satellites. However, as compared to communication in fixed networks, satellite communication is characterized by special constraints (e.g. signal delay, channel quality, dynamic network topology) that require novel ATM-based communication technology for satellite systems.This paper presents results from the ATM-Sat project that aims to complete this technically challenging and important R&D task in the cooperation between DLR, Fraunhofer Gesellschaft and Tesat-Spacecom.In brief the following aspects have been addressed in the ATM-Sat project: In particular the ATM-Sat R&D tasks cover the system and protocol architecture, on-board processing, ISL routing, up/downlink and on board ATM resource management (including medium access control),

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