This article examines the self-concept of adolescent girls in Israel as an indication of their relative well-being. It compares self-concept of girls cared for by kin with those cared for in non-related foster families. Self-concept was defined phenomenologically and measured using the Offer Self Image Questionnaire, OSIQ. Results indicate significant differences in psychological self-image, in social relations, sexual self-image and ability to adapt to new situations; adolescents placed with their relatives scored better on all criteria. Results are interpreted according to the girls’ characteristics, biological and adoptive families and relations with them. The authors suggest pointers for future policy and clinical intervention.