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We demonstrate theoretically that a topological insulator quantum dot can be formed via double topological insulator constrictions (TICs), and can be used as a charge and/or spin carrier trap memory element.

Based on surveys of important innovations in the Chinese automobile industry, we divide the evolution of the automobile industry into three stages. We construct a conceptual model for the sectoral innovation system and utilize this model to analyse the main mechanisms of interaction in the context of autonomous innovations in the Chinese automobile industry. We attempt to interpret these autonomous innovations in the Chinese automobile industry from the perspective of an interactive system; the conclusions are suggestive and must be tested in further empirical research.Sectoral innovation system, evolution path, autonomous innovation, innovation capability,

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