Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) quantitative measurement is harassed by the variability of collected spectra, and the matrix effect of sample is the main reason. The surface geometric morphology of the...
The production and consumption of austenitic stainless steel account for about 70% of stainless steel worldwide. The content of chromium (Cr) must be accurately detected and controlled to form a stable austenite structure and obtain strong properties in production. Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) can be used to detect the Cr content of austenitic stainless steel in a complex production process. However, LIBS signals may be weak and unstable because the experimental signals are seriously affected by noise, self-absorption, the matrix effect, and the instability of the shot-to-shot signal, rendering the quantitative detection results inaccurate and unstable. The spectral-preprocessing methods of baseline correction and denoising can improve the accuracy of quantitative detection of LIBS. An improved segmented Hermite cubic-interpolation method is proposed herein to correct the baseline offset and produce baseline signals that are smooth and convergent (to overcome the Runge phenomenon). Empirical mode decomposition (EMD) based on the wavelet method is proposed to remove LIBS noise; this is done by exploiting the adaptivity of EMD to refine the wavelet-scaling coefficients. Compared with other denoising methods, the proposed method has good denoising evaluation indices and stability and, thus, effectively removes the noise. To verify detection accuracy, the internal standard quantitative method is used to detect the Cr content, and a cyclic-inversion prediction method is designed to verify detection stability. The results show that the correlation coefficient of the calibration curve is improved, the root-mean-square error is reduced, and the average relative error of the predicted Cr content decreases from 10.46% to 3.858%.
BACKGROUND: The exact mechanisms that acetamide and glycerol interact with cell membrane remains a matter of debate. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the microscopic interactions of acetamide and glycerol with phospholipid bilayers at various temperatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Molecular dynamics simulations of a hydrated dipalmitoyl-phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) bilayer in the presence of glycerol and acetamide were performed. The system contains 128 lipids and about 700 cryoprotectant molecules, and simulations extended to 15 ns. RESULT: When compared to
glycerol, acetamide shows a stronger affinity with water rather than the lipid bilayer. CONCLUSION: The knowledge of the mixing dynamics of present system helps to develop better cryoprotective formulas and to propose more optimal cooling/warming protocols.
Fabrication of high-quality optics puts a strong demand on high-throughput detection of macroscopic bulk defects in optical components. A dark-field line confocal imaging method is proposed with two distinct advantages: (i) a point-to-line confocal scheme formed by a columnar elliptical mirror and an optical fiber bundle breaks through the constraint on light collection angle and field of view in the traditional line confocal microscopy using an objective, allowing for an extended confocal line field of more than 100 mm while maintaining a light collection angle of 27°; (ii) the bulk defects are independently illuminated as a function of time to eliminate the cross talk in the direction of the confocal slit, thus preserving point confocality and showing the optical section thicknesses to be 162 μm in the axial direction, and 19 and 22 μm in the orthogonal transverse directions. The experimental results verify that the method has a minimum detectable bulk defect of less than 5 μm and an imaging efficiency of 400 mm 2 =s. The method shows great potential in high-throughput and highsensitivity bulk defects detection.
With the rapid economic development of our country, rural poverty is emerging, the poverty alleviation work in Baoding City has been highly valued because of its geographical location. As we all know, financial poverty alleviation is an important way to break through the rural poverty problem. To innovate a poverty alleviation mode, this paper starts with the "the development mode" of the financial poverty alleviation from a " Governments, Banks, company, farmers and insurance companies" financial poverty alleviation "LongHua model", in-depth analyses the advantages and disadvantages, combining with Baoding financial poverty alleviation present situation and the pattern, then launches an innovative road to poverty alleviation for Baoding's development.
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