Introduction: Human caring combines science, art, and humanity. Humanity is the heart of care and interpersonal interactions. Despite the critical emphasis on human caring and concern for nursing care without humanity, there is no clear definition for human caring in nursing. This study aimed to analyze the concept of human caring. Methods: Walker and Avant’s strategy for concept analysis was used. Electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Ovid, Google Scholar, Magiran, Iran Doc, SID, and a number of dictionaries were searched without any limitation in date. Search keywords were "care", "caring", "human caring", "humanization", "patient care", "comprehensive care" and "nursing care". We searched all documents published before September 2020. In the initial search, 1637 articles were found but finally, 39 relevant articles remained in the study. Results: The nine defining attributes of human caring were establishing therapeutic communication, presence at the patient bedside, empathy, providing scientific care, subjectivity, dynamicity, respecting the patient’s rights and ethics of care, helping the patient achieve a feeling of well-being, and art and creativity. Antecedents of human caring were categorized into three categories namely, human, personal, and organizational factors. The consequences were also categorized into consequences related to nurse, profession, patient, and organization. Conclusion: A theoretical definition and a conceptual model of human caring were developed. This concept should be included in the nursing curricula at all undergraduate and graduate levels and even in nurses’ in-service training programs.

Compassion is a basic approach to medical practice and is the core component of health care. The purpose of the present study was to explore nurses' perceptions of compassion-based care (CBC) for COVID-19 patients. In this qualitative study, the participants were selected using purposeful sampling. Individual and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 25 nurses, and conventional content analysis was used to categorize the data. In the care of COVID-19 patients, CBC consisted of three categories including pro-social behaviors, paying attention to the beliefs and values ​​of patients, and concern for family members. The first category had three subcategories including empathy, altruism, and helping in critical situations. The second category included the subcategories of the spiritual approach to care and respect for cultural aspects. The third category, concern for family members, had one subcategory: the need to consider the patient's family. Our findings may help to develop a comprehensive model in COVID-19 care according to which, in addition to routine patient care, nurses will consider concepts such as empathy, altruism, helping in critical situations, spirituality, cultural values, ​​and the family’s needs at the end of the patient's life.

Background: elder abuse is a neglected problem and many cases remain unreported. This study aimed to identify types of elder abuse and to investigate its associated risk factors. Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted on people over 60 years old in Ardabil, Iran. Data were collected using elder abuse questionnaire. Data were analyzed by SPSS version 22, Descriptive statistics, chi-square test and logistic regression. The significance level was P < 0.05. Results: Among 500 participants, 377(75.4%) reported that they had experienced at least one type of abuse in the past year. The highest rate of elder abuse was observed regarding Emotional abuse (47.2%) and psychological abuse (40.8%), and the lowest rate was measured for ostracizing (15.4%) and physical abuse (12.4%). Result showed that elder abuse was significantly associated with Having a chronic illness and Number of children 1–4. Conclusions: Considering at least eight out of ten elderly people experienced on type of abuse. for the majority of the reported elder abuse cases at least two associated risk factors could be identified. Knowledge about these red flags and a multifaceted strategy are needed to identify and prevent elder abuse.

Background and Aim: Hypertension is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is the leading cause of death worldwide. The nursing process based on the Roy adaptation model is widely used to solve the problems caused by chronic diseases. This study aimed to adapt the model performed on patients with hypertension. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted in the autumn of 2021 in one of the hospitals of Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom City, Iran. A patient with hypertension was examined, and a Roy model was performed on him. Nursing care was performed based on the Roy nursing process in 6 stages. Results: The study showed that the patient had maladaptive behaviors in four modes (physiological needs, adaptation of self-concept, role function, and independence and dependence). After nursing care based on the Roy adaptation model, maladaptive behaviors decreased. Conclusion: According to the present study results, nursing care based on the Roy model can affect the physical, psychological, and maladaptive behaviors of patients with hypertension. In this regard, Nurses can play a more effective role in improving the maladaptive behaviors of these patients by applying nursing care based on the adaptation model.

Background and Objectives: Clinical competence is the essence of the nursing profession that develops the quality of nursing care. The present study aims to investigate the clinical competence of Iranian nurses and the factors affecting it. Methods: This is a systematic review that was conducted in 2022 by searching for articles in Persian or English in Web of Science, SID, Scopus, Google Scholar and PubMed databases without time limit. The used keywords were “clinical competency”, “nurse”, “Iran” in both Persian and English. The selected articles were cross-sectional, case-control, cohort and interventional studies that were conducted on Iranian nurses. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme checklists were used to evaluate the quality of articles. Finally, out of 3757 articles, 46 eligible articles were reviewed. Results: In the studies, the clinical competence of nurses was at good and higher level based on the self-reports, while it was at moderate level according to head nurses. Some demographic factors, educational factors, working conditions, level of satisfaction, individual characteristics, organizational factors, motivational factor, and psychological factors were significantly associated with clinical competence. Conclusion: The clinical competence of Iranian nurses is at moderate to higher level. Paying attention to the factors affecting it can lead to the improvement of their clinical competence.