No abstract

Compararam-se 18 linhagens de trigo diaplóides obtidas via cultura de anteras de plantas híbridas, em geração F1, e os cultivares Al Res 102/84 e IAC-24, em quatro ensaios instalados em condições de irrigação por aspersão e de sequeiro. Analisaram-se a produção de grãos, outros componentes da produção, características agronômicas e resistência à ferrugem-da-folha. Estudou-se também a tolerância ao alumínio em soluções nutritivas, em condição de laboratório. A linhagem diaplóide 5, provinda do cruzamento IAS-63/ALDAN "S"//GLEN/3/IAC-24, de porte baixo, mostrou resistência ao acamamento e ao agente causal da ferrugem-da-folha e tolerância à toxicidade de alumínio, destacando-se, ainda, quanto à produção de grãos. A linhagem 6 identificou-se como fonte genética de maior número de grãos por espigueta, porte baixo, resistência ao acamamento e à ferrugem-da-folha, e a linhagem 8 apresentou espigas mais compridas e maior número de espiguetas por espiga. Todos os genótipos avaliados, com exceção do cultivar IAC-287 (controle sensível) exibiram elevada tolerância à toxicidade de alumínio.

A crise financeira de 2008 teve impactos significativos no capitalismo global, sendo um de seus reflexos na estrutura da governança global a constituição e evolução do G-20. Neste contexto, o objetivo do artigo é analisar tais mudanças e, em especial, as posições de quatro dos principais atores nas cúpulas do G-20, a saber: Estados Unidos, China, Alemanha e Brasil.Palavras-chave: crise financeira de 2008; G-20; governança econômica global. AbstractThe 2008 financial crisis catalyzed transformations in the global capitalism that predicted the débâcle of the Anglo-American financial power bloc.

Thirty‐six castorbean varieties were surveyed for oil and fatty acid composition, in order to determine variability of these seed compounds. A large variability of seed oil percentage was observed, ranging from 39.6 to 59.5%. Concerning the fatty acids, little variability was observed for ricinoleic acid, which was the most abundant in the oil, ranging from 83.65 to 90.00%. The other fatty acids appeared in small concentrations and showed a small range: 0.87 to 2.35, 0.68 to 1.84, 2.96 to 5.64, 3.19 to 5.98, and 0.34 to 0.91%, for palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic acid, respectively. Non‐significant correlations were observed between fatty acids and seed oil percentage. However, significant correlations were observed among fatty acid concentrations: positive and negative ones. These significant correlations could be associated with the biosynthetic pathways of the fatty acids, which are not fully elucidated. They suggest, however, that selection for a particular fatty acid will tend to increase those positively correlated, and decrease those negative ones. Selection and plant breeding techniques could then be applied to modify the oil content of the castorbean seeds, considering the variability observed. For the fatty acid composition, however, the variability was not large enough to make substantial changes in their concentrations by selection procedures. More varieties should be surveyed to find out if such variability is available.

Caffeine inheritance was investigated in F 2 and BC 1 F 1 generations between Coffea arabica var. Bourbon Vermelho (BV) and Coffea canephora var. Robusta 4x (R4x). The caffeine content of seeds and leaves was determined during 2004 and 2005. Microsatellite loci-markers were used to deduce the meiotic pattern of chromosome pairing of tetraploid interspecific hybrids. Genetic analysis indicated that caffeine content in seeds was quantitatively inherited and controlled by genes with additive effects. The estimates of broad-sense heritability of caffeine content in seeds were high for both generations. In coffee leaves, the caffeine content (BSH) from the same populations showed transgressive segregants with enhanced levels and high BSH. Segregation of loci-markers in BC 1 F 1 populations showed that the ratios of the gametes genotype did not differ significantly from those expected assuming random associations and tetrasomic inheritance. The results confirm the existence of distinct mechanisms controlling the caffeine content in seeds and leaves, the gene exchange between the C. arabica BV and C. canephora R4x genomes and favorable conditions for improving caffeine content in this coffee population.