A case of accidental ingestion of Pseudoterranova decipiens is reported, on account of this patient we review main concepts related to this emerging pathology in Chile. Consumption of raw fish in different preparations such as sushi or sashimi, cebiche and seafood is becoming more and more popular. Through intermediary hosts used in the preparation, one can acquire the third stage larval of Anisakis simplex or P. decipiens. These parasites frequently cause gastritis, acutely after the consumption of raw fish, or more rarely intestinal involvement. It may also cause allergic symptoms such as urticaria, angioedema and anaphylactic shock. The larvae is eliminated spontaneously in most cases; others need to be removed by upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination. In Chile, the most common species is P. decipiens, which are generally no invasive, rarely migrate beyond the stomach and cause mild or no symptoms. Prevention strategies include avoid eating raw fish or undercooked seafood containing the parasite, to cook food with high temperatures or to freeze raw fish prior to preparation of meals, which inactivates the larvae.Key words: Anisakidosis, anisakiosis, pseudoterranovosis, Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, foodborne parasitic infections, fishborne parasitic infections, zoonoses.Palabras clave: anisakidosis, anisakiosis, pseudoterranovosis, Anisakis simplex, Pseudoterranova decipiens, enfermedades parasitarias transmitidas por alimentos, enfermedades parasitarias transmitidas por peces y mariscos, zoonosis. Introduccióne estima que las infecciones parasitarias transmitidas por alimentos afectan a más de 50 millones de personas en el mundo, cifra probablemente sub-estimada por la dificultad en el diagnóstico y una sub-notificación. La mayor incidencia de estas infecciones se encuentra en el Este y Sudeste asiático, situación que se está haciendo cada vez más frecuente en nuestro medio con los viajes a destinos exóticos y la incorporación de la comida oriental a los menús tradicionales. Las infecciones parasitarias son el resultado de la ingesta de alimentos crudos o mal cocidos. Comentario editorial en página 196. La mayoría de estos cuadros son producidos por nemátodos, tremátodos, céstodos y protozoos 1 . Presentamos el caso de una paciente que tras visitar un restaurante de comida japonesa, elimina con la tos una forma juvenil de nemátodo. Caso ClínicoPaciente de 30 años, sexo femenino, sana, residente en la ciudad de Santiago. Asistió a un restaurante de comida japonesa, donde degustó sushi de variados sabores, algunos de ellos preparados con salmón crudo. Al día siguiente, comenzó con tos y estornudos, se

Animal-assisted therapy is a novel interventional program with important benefits in the management of patients with chronic diseases and prolonged hospitalization. The relationship between animals and patients facilitates adaptation to a new, stressing hospital environment, helps in diminishing anxiety, stress, pain and blood pressure and increases mobility and muscular strength. This therapy can be developed by pets themselves or by specially trained animals. Dogs are the most frequently used animals because of their training and sociability skills. Patients and animals participating in these programs require special care in order to avoid transmission of infectious diseases associated with pets, hypersensitivity and accidents during their visits. Implementation of animal - assisted therapy in care centers requires a permanent revision of suggested guidelines and program objectives.

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The free-living amebas Naegleria and Acanthamoeba are recognized as causal agents of central nervous system infections. Recently a third free-living ameba, Balamuthia mandrillaris, was identified as the causal agent of granulomatous encephalitis in humans. We report a case of Balamuthia encephalitis in an immunocompetent school-age girl who presented cutaneous lesions that compromised the central portion of the face. The skin biopsy revealed granulomatous lesion with positive PCR for non-tuberculous Mycobacterium. We started treatment for atypical extrapulmonary mycobacteriosis. Nevertheless, the child was readmitted six months later, with progressive neurological involvement, dying about one year after the onset of cutaneous symptoms. The brain necropsy showed the presence of B. mandrillaris cysts and trophozoites. Balamuthia mandrillaris infection should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient with chronic granulomatous disease with neurologic symptoms.