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Objective In the present study, an effort has been performed to determine trans fatty acid, free fatty acid, and cholesterol content of some selected edible oils in Ethiopia. Five brands of locally made different edible oil samples were purchased from super markets of Ethiopia. The quality of these edible oils was analyzed by evaluating their chemical properties such as acid, saponification and peroxide values using standard methods (titrimetric technique). Results The results of the study revealed that maximum and minimum acid value was 5.59 ± 0.02 mg/g for Beksa (Niger oil) and 0.11 ± 0.02 mg/g for Tena (sunflower) oil respectively. Similarly, the saponification value showed (223.2 ± 0.39 mg/kg) for Tena and (173.4 ± 0.46 mg/kg) for Beksa. The maximum peroxide value was observed in Lulu (vegetable oil; 11.67 ± 0.11 meq O2/kg) and minimum value found in Sunny (sunflower oil; 2.84 ± 0.05 meq O2/kg). The highest total free fatty acid as oleic acid was observed in Beksa (2.95 ± 0.03%) and lowest total free fatty acid in Tena oil (0.06 ± 0.03%). On the other hands, two trans fatty acids; oleic acid (C 18:1) and linoleic acid (C 18:2) were detected in the 5 edible oils by using GC method.

Four ammonium-based ionic liquids were synthesized for the selective extraction and degradation of lignin from coffee husk. The extracted lignin samples were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, gel permeation chromatography, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, UV–vis, 1H and 13C NMR, heteronuclear single-quantum coherence-NMR, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction, and field emission scanning electron microscopy analyses. The analyzed results confirmed that these ionic liquids are able to effectively extract and decompose the lignin to smaller molecules from the biomass. Experimental results show that a significantly high yield, 71.2% of the original lignin, has been achieved. This processing method is an efficient, economical, and environmentally friendly green route for producing high-added-value lignin from wasted coffee husk.

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