β-N-Oxalyl-l-α,β-diaminopropionic acid (β-ODAP) is a non-protein amino acid present in Lathyrus sativus (grass pea) and other Lathyrus species, in parallel with its nontoxic isomer, α-ODAP. When consuming grass pea for several months as staple food, β-ODAP may cause neurolathyrism, a motor neuron degeneration syndrome. Therefore, the independent quantification of both ODAP isomers instead of only the total amount in grass pea allows the identification of less toxic varieties and the development of tools to support breeding for improving grass pea quality. In this work, a simple and fast HPLC-MS/MS method was developed without sample derivatization, using a hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) column and an isocratic gradient of eluents for 18 min, which allowed the determination of both α- and β-ODAP. The proposed method was fully validated and applied to the determination of α- and β-ODAP contents in a diverse collection of 107 grass pea accessions representative of the main grass pea-growing geographical regions in the world, with the prompt identification of contrasting accessions. β-ODAP content in the analyzed grass pea samples ranged from 0.45 ± 0.02 to 6.04 ± 0.45 mg g−1. The moderate correlation found between α- and β-ODAP contents (0.65) in this collection reinforces the importance of the independent quantification of both ODAP isomers.

Grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) is an annual cool-season grain legume widely cultivated in South Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and in the Mediterranean region. It is a stress-resilient crop with high nutritional value, considered a promising source of traits to breed for adaptation/mitigation of climate change effects. It is also reported as a suitable crop for more sustainable production systems such as intercropping. In this review, we elaborate an integrative perspective including not only an agronomic-based but also a variety-breeding-based strategy in grass pea to deal with climate change impacts, summarizing the current knowledge on grass pea biotic/abiotic stress resistance. Additionally, we highlight the importance of implementing fundamental techniques to create diversity (as interspecific hybridization or gene editing) and increase genetic gains (as speed breeding or the efficient identification of breeding targets via genomics) in the development of multiple stress-resistant varieties that simultaneously provide yield and quality stability under climate vulnerable environments.

RESUMO:A cultura do café conilon (Coffea canephora) apresenta grande importância econômica e social para o Estado do Espírito Santo que apresenta áreas com ocorrência de déficit hídrico. Portanto, objetivou-se quantificar a recuperação das plantas em crescimento inicial de cafeeiro conilon, variedade "Diamante Incaper ES8112", após período de deficit hídrico no solo. Para esta finalidade, o experimento foi conduzido em um esquema fatorial 3 x 2, sendo clones do cafeeiro conilon em 3 níveis e deficit hídrico em 2 níveis, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com 4 repetições. Os níveis de deficit hídrico aplicados foram: T0 -irrigado durante todo experimento, e Td -imposição de deficit hídrico 30 dias após plantio até as plantas atingirem 10% da transpiração relativa do nível T0, após atingirem este ponto, estas voltaram a ser irrigadas por um período de 32 dias. Durante o período do experimento, avaliaram-se as seguintes variáveis: área foliar e o diâmetro do caule das plantas. Verifica-se que os melhores resultados de recuperação das plantas de café conilon submetidas ao deficit hídrico foram apresentados pelos clones 74S e 48. PALAVRAS-CHAVE:Coffea canephora, Diamante ES8112, deficiência hídrica. WATER DEFICIT INTERFERENCE IN CONILON CLONAL COFFEE IN INITIAL GROWTH ABSTRACT:The culture of conilon coffee (Coffea canephora) presents great economic and social importance for the State of Espírito Santo, wich presents areas with occurrence of water deficit. Therefore, the objective of this work was to quantify the recovery of plants in initial growth of conilon coffee, variety "Diamante Incaper ES8112", after period of water deficit in the soil. For this purpose, the experiment was conducted in a 3 x 2 factorial scheme, with 1 Mestrando em Produção Vegetal, CCAE/UFES, CEP 29.500-000, Alameda José Amado Aride, 07, Centro, Alegre, ES. Fone (28) 999691430.