Changes in patterns of performance for the cognitive functions of memory, processing speed, and focused attention are expected in old age.Objective:The main goal of this systematic review was to analyze the use of ERP in healthy elderly in studies evaluating the P300 components.Methods:A systematic review was carried out based on recommendations for nursing research on the databases LILACS, PsycINFO, PubMed, SCOPUS and Web of Science.Results:26 studies involving 940 healthy elderly were identified, most of which sought to identify and determine the influence of age on the P300.Conclusion:Although there is consensus in the literature that P300 latency is significantly longer in elderly with psychiatric disorders compared to healthy elderly, it was not possible to conclude P300 associations with gender, education and other cognitive tests.

Objetivo verificar quais médias tonais possuem maior correlação com o Limiar de Recepção da Fala e com o Índice de Reconhecimento da Fala. Métodos foram selecionados 241 exames de pacientes idosos com perda auditiva neurossensorial que realizaram audiometria tonal liminar e logoaudiometria. As avaliações audiométricas foram classificados com base nos limiares tonais de via aérea das seguinte formas: Média 1- Média das frequências de 500, 1000 e 2000 Hz; Média2-Média das frequências de 500, 1000, 2000 e 4000 Hz; Média 3 – Média das frequências de 500, 1000, 2000 e 3000 Hz e Média 4 –Média das frequências de 500, 1000, 2000, 3000 e 4000 Hz. Os dados foram comparados com os testesLimiar de Recepção da Fala e Índice de Reconhecimento da Fala e tratados estatisticamente. Resultados a Média 1 apresentou maior valor de correlação com o Limiar de Recepção da Fala (rho=0,934; IC=0,901 a 0,958; eqm=52,2). Em relação ao Índice de Reconhecimento da Fala, foi observado que amédia 3 apresentou omaior grau de correlação com o teste(rho= – 0,768; IC= –0,807 a –0,721; eqm = 245) seguido das médias 2 e 4. Conclusão para a população idosa com perda auditiva neurossensorial descendente, o Limiar de Recepção de Fala possui correlação mais forte com a média das frequências 500 Hz, 1000 Hz e 2000 Hz, enquanto o Índice de Reconhecimento de Fala possui maior correlação com as média que incluem as frequências de 3000 Hz e 4000 Hz.

This study investigated the relationship between metabolic parameters and low serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels in older adults (n = 265). They were assessed for anthropometrics and metabolic measurements, including 25(OH)D, insulin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG) and other inflammatory markers. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as a 25(OH)D level below 50 nmol/L. Comparisons between groups were performed using Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney or Pearson’s Chi-squared test. A multivariate adjusted Poisson regression was used to model the number of metabolic parameters as a function of a set of explanatory variables. Subjects with 25(OH)D deficiency were predominantly females and presented higher body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides and Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), and higher insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome was also more prevalent among 25(OH)D-deficient subjects. In those without metabolic syndrome, 25(OH)D deficiency was related only to obesity and higher insulin resistance. Female sex, hypertension, higher waist circumference and higher levels of hemoglobin A1C (%), HDL-C, and TG were significantly associated with an increased number of metabolic syndrome parameters after adjusting for covariates, but 25(OH)D was not. The fact that serum 25(OH)D concentration was inversely associated with metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance not only reaffirms the relevance to consider serum 25(OH)D concentration as an influencing factor for insulin resistance, but also the need to actively screen for hypovitaminosis D in all patients with this condition.

Given the high prevalence of presbycusis and its detrimental effect on quality of life, screening tests can be useful tools for detecting hearing loss in primary care settings. This study therefore aimed to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of the whispered voice test as a screening method for detecting hearing impairment in older people. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 210 older adults aged between 60 and 97 years who underwent the whispered voice test employing ten different phrases and using audiometry as a reference test. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were calculated and accuracy was measured by calculating the area under the ROC curve. The test was repeated on 20% of the ears by a second examiner to assess inter-examiner reproducibility (IER). The words and phrases that showed the highest area under the curve (AUC) and IER values were: "shoe" (AUC = 0.918; IER = 0.877), "window" (AUC = 0.917; IER = 0.869), "it looks like it's going to rain" (AUC = 0.911; IER = 0.810), and "the bus is late" (AUC = 0.900; IER = 0.810), demonstrating that the whispered voice test is a useful screening tool for detecting hearing loss among older people. It is proposed that these words and phrases should be incorporated into the whispered voice test protocol.

Objective: To identify factors associated with depressive symptoms in the elderly inserted in a context of high social vulnerability. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with 302 elderly people enrolled in Primary Care. We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, Geriatric Depression Scale, Mini Nutritional Assessment, Shor-form-6D Quality of Life Questionnaire and Medical Outcome Study Scale. For data analysis, a logistic regression was performed considering two groups, with and without depressive symptoms. Results: A good perception of the quality of life (OR: 0.21) and receiving emotional support (OR: 0.98) were presented as protective factors for depression, have risks of malnutrition (OR: 4.87), belong to the female sex OR: 1.88) and living alone (OR: 2.34), indicated a predictor factor for depression. Conclusion: Quality of life and social support were identified as protective factors for depressive symptoms while being at risk of malnutrition, living alone, reporting pain and being female are predictors.