Briquettes and pellets can be an option to produce biofuels made by agricultural residues compression. Therefore, this study aims at provide the characterization of the briquettes made by different residual concentrations of sugar bagasse and straw. Concerning this, we determined rapid analysis and mechanical resistance. Our mechanical test determined the briquettes resistance and friability. The results showed better characteristics of bagasse for briquettes formation, such as lower ash and higher fixed carbon content. Considering the compression resistance, the sugar cane bagasse briquettes in a high concentration had better results. Besides, these briquettes were more resistance to break on the tumbling test. However, briquettes produced with both residues showed feasible results. Thus, the use of blends can be a viable alternative for the use of sugarcane residues.Keywords: Biomass; bioenergy; compression; technological property; wastes. ResumoA produção de briquetes e pellets pode ser uma forma de obtenção de biocombustíveis a partir da compactação de resíduos vegetais. O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar a qualidade de briquetes produzidos a partir de blendas de bagaço e palha da cana-de-açúcar. Determinou-se a análise imediata e a resistência mecânica. Os resultados mostraram que o bagaço e a palha apresentaram diferente comportamento no processo de briquetagem, tendo o bagaço melhores características primordiais para formação de briquetes (como menor teor de cinzas e maior teor de carbono fixo). Nos testes mecânicos, os briquetes produzidos com maiores proporções de bagaço (75 % e 100 %) apresentaram melhores resultados de resistência à compressão além de demonstrarem maior resistência à quebra no teste de tamboramento. Concluiu-se que o uso de palha da cana para a produção de briquetes só se torna viável na composição mista. O uso de blendas pode ser uma alternativa viável para o aproveitamento dos resíduos de cana-de-açúcar.
The search for new alternatives in order to reuse residues is one way to minimize environmental impacts by promoting sustainable practices. This study analyzed the technical feasibility of briquettes production from urban pruning residue and sugarcane bagasse, turning them into a product with higher added value besides directing their use and reducing their improper disposal. Five treatments were studied from different ratios of the two residues: T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, respectively made of 100% of urban pruning; 50% urban pruning and 50% sugarcane bagasse; 25% urban pruning and 75% sugarcane bagasse; 10% urban pruning and 90% sugarcane bagasse; 100% sugarcane bagasse. The materials were characterized physically, chemically and energetically. Briquettes were produced and evaluated for mechanical performance, with expansion tests, mechanical resistance and friability to verify the quality of the final product. The treatments 1 and 2 showed the best results, with lower friability and average values of mechanical resistance of 167.14 and 107.56 kgf, respectively. It is concluded that both residues (sugarcane bagasse and urban pruning) had potential for briquette production, as well as the mixture between both materials.
Due to its high productivity and easy adaptation to different ecosystems, forage grass Pinnisetum purpureum, popularly known as elephant grass, has a potential use for biomass production. The objective of work was to verify the influence of the increase of elephant grass biomass density on the briquetting process as a function of two grain sizes of the material. After grinding and sieve analysis, the material was divided into two groups: (i) a portion between 61 and 200 mesh, and (ii) a fraction between 21 and 60 mesh. The apparent density and diametral compression test of the briquettes were studied as a function of the granulometry of the material. The results showed the best condition for the production of elephant grass briquettes occurred with the granulometry between 61 and 200 mesh producing briquettes with higher density and mechanical resistance when compared to briquettes produced with a particle size between 21 and 60 mesh.Keywords: Bulk density; strength; briquette. ResumoDevido a sua alta produtividade e fácil adaptação aos diversos ecossistemas, a gramínea forrageira Pinnisetum purpureum, conhecida popularmente por capim elefante, possui potencial para a produção de biomassa. O objetivo do trabalho foi verificar a influência do aumento da densidade da biomassa do capim elefante no processo de briquetagem em função de duas granulometrias do material. Após moagem e análise granulométrica, o material foi dividido em dois grupos, a saber: (i) uma porção entre 61 e 200 mesh e (ii) uma fração entre 21 e 60 mesh. A densidade aparente e o ensaio de compressão diametral dos briquetes foram estudados em função da granulometria do material. Os resultados mostraram que a melhor condição para a produção de briquetes de capim elefante ocorreu empregando-se a granulometria entre 61 e 200 mesh, uma vez que produziram briquetes mais densos e com resistência mecânica maior se comparada aos briquetes produzidos com granulometria entre 21 e 60 mesh. Palavras-chave:Densidade; resistência; briquete.
Degradation of residues from plant biomass generates greenhouse gases (GHG), such as CO2. Many researches seek to use these residues to mitigate the environmental damages of this decomposition. An alternative is to apply the pyrolysis (thermal degradation with oxygen limitation) of biomass. The residue is transformed into biochar (charcoal or biochar), a carbon rich material which decomposes more slowly than in natura. Biochar is mainly used as a conditioner, its properties can increase the pH and retain water. This work presents biochar production from sugarcane straw (residual biomass) trying conditions to obtain more expressive values for gravimetric yield and fixed carbon content. The methodology consisted of colecting the material in the field, characterize the sugarcane straw, drying, crushing and perform the granulometric distribution. Different conditions of sugarcane straw pyrolysis were carried out, changing the temperature: T1: 200°C , T2: 300°C, T3: 400°C and T4: 250°C all kept in a muffle for 3 hours. The most satisfactory condition was at 250°C, resulting in 51.39% of fixed carbon and 36,00% of gravimetric yield. The production of biochar from sugarcane straw proved to be an attractive alternative to the destination of this residue, due to its abundance in the field, thus obtaining a use of sugarcane straw.
Este trabalho teve como objetivo averiguar a qualidade de combustíveis sólidos para consumo doméstico. Os testes foram realizados a partir de seis tipos de materiais de origem arbórea do gênero Eucalyptus, sendo lenha, carvão vegetal e quatro tipos de briquete de carvão vegetal. Foram realizadas análises de umidade, análise química imediata, densidades, análise térmica e por microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV). Os resultados obtidos a partir destas análises se mostraram semelhantes ao da literatura. Os tratamentos provenientes de briquetes de carvão vegetal mostraram maior densidade energética aos demais, de todos os tratamentos o T4 foi o que apresentou melhor capacidade energética aos demais tratamentos sem correlação com os custos.
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