Purpose-This study attempts to investigate (1) the effect of meditation experience on employees' self-directed learning (SDL) readiness and organizational innovative (OI) ability as well as organizational performance (OP), and (2) the relationships among SDL, OI, and OP. Design/methodology/approach-This study conducts an empirical study of 15 technological companies (n = 412) in Taiwan, utilizing the collected survey data to test the relationships among the three dimensions. Findings-Results show that: (1) The employees' meditation experience significantly and positively influenced employees' SDL readiness, companies' OI capability and OP; (2) The study found that SDL has a direct and significant impact on OI; and OI has direct and significant influences on OP. Research limitation/implications-The generalization of the present study is constrained by (1) the existence of possible biases of the participants, (2) the variations of length, type and form of meditation demonstrated by the employees in these high tech companies, and (3) the fact that local data collection in Taiwan may present different cultural characteristics which may be quite different from those in other areas or countries. Managerial implications are presented at the end of the work. Practical implications-The findings indicate that SDL can only impact organizational innovation through employees "openness to a challenge", "inquisitive nature", self-understanding and acceptance of responsibility for learning. Such finding implies better organizational innovative capability under such conditions, thus organizations may encourage employees to take risks or accept new opportunities through various incentives, such as monetary rewards or public recognitions. More specifically, the present study discovers that while administration innovation is the most important element influencing an organization's financial performance, market innovation is the key component in an organization's market performance. Social implications-The present study discovers that meditation experience positively 2 affects SDL readiness, and organizational innovative ability and performance. The finding implies spiritual practice improves individual capability (i.e., in learning), as well as organizational capability (i.e., in innovativeness), which consequently enhances the outcomes of organizations. Originality/value-Existing studies prove the benefits of meditation on both spiritual enlightenment and clinical psychology. Existing research documents that meditation practice helps relief pain, improves physical health, reduces stress, and supports relaxation. No direct evidence shows the effect of meditation on SDL and OI, and only some evidence supporting the influence of meditation on OP. Nevertheless, the finding on the effect of the meditation experience in a work setting adds values to the current literature.

Purpose -The purpose of this study is to propose a conceptual structural equation model to, first, investigate the relationships among knowledge management (KM) system quality, employees' self-perceived social identification, trust at workplace as well as online knowledge sharing behaviors, and, second, demonstrate the direct and indirect effect of social identification and trust at workplace on online knowledge sharing from the perspective of KM system quality. Design/methodology/approach -A questionnaire was distributed to 437 full-time employees (n ¼ 437) from three technology companies in Taiwan. These companies have had years of experience in implementing KM systems. Data were analyzed by employing structural equation modeling. Findings -The results show that: social identification and trust at workplace have a mediating effect on online knowledge sharing within organizations; trust at workplace is the stronger mediator than social identification; social identification has a positive and significant impact on trust at workplace; and there is significant correlation between KM system quality and social identification as well as trust.Practical implications -Based on these findings, organizations in Taiwan that aim to maximize the effectiveness and efficiency of KM systems should find ways to enhance employees' self-awareness on social identification and trust in the workplace. Originality/value -The conceptual model provides useful information for managers to enhance knowledge sharing through the formation of social identification and promotion of trust at workplaces.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among job satisfaction, workplace friendship, knowledge sharing and service innovation. Design/methodology/approach – This is an empirical study that targets electronic information engineers at the science parts located in Taipei, Hsinchu and Tainan (n=851), utilizing a survey questionnaire as the data collection instrument to test the relationship among the four dimensions. Findings – The results indicated that: first, both job satisfaction and workplace friendship have demonstrated a significant effect on service innovation; second, knowledge sharing significantly moderates the effect of job satisfaction and workplace friendship on service innovation. Originality/value – The present study adds value by examining the moderating effect of knowledge sharing. The results can contribute to the strategic planning of human resource development in order to enhance the capability of service innovation in the technological industry.

Purpose -Virtual communities of practice (VCoP) are seen as effective means to facilitate knowledge building among professionals. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships between system quality, attitude toward incentives and knowledge sharing in a VCoP. Additionally, individual and collective effect of system quality and attitude toward incentives on knowledge sharing are also examined. Design/methodology/approach -This is an empirical study that targets a major community of practice in human resource management (n ¼ 366), utilizing a survey questionnaire distributed on the internet as the data collection instrument to test the relationship among the three dimensions. Findings -The results indicated that: system quality and attitude toward incentives individually have demonstrated a significant effect on knowledge sharing behavior in a VCoP. Collectively, only factors within the attitude toward incentive dimension have demonstrated significant influences on the community participants' knowledge sharing behavior.Practical implications -This study provides managers of VCoP with valuable information which aids in improving community members' knowledge sharing. That is, a successful VCoP is an online environment which provides a variety of social exchange opportunities for the members to interact, as well as challenging topics or tasks enabling the members to practice or gain professional knowledge and skills. Social implications -Regardless of the fact that knowledge sharing processes are becoming increasingly complex and diverse, providing various kinds of incentive is still crucial in eliciting people's engagement in knowledge sharing. Only reinforcing social exchanges and providing opportunities of self-growth will enhance knowledge sharing behavior. Originality/value -Knowledge sharing is a complex process. Literature indicated that some factors, such as motivation, attitudes, and individual preferences, are considered double-edged factors to knowledge sharing among individuals. The present study adds value by examining the individual and collective effects of these factors (i.e. the members' perceived VCoP system quality and attitude toward incentives) on knowledge sharing.