A general iron-catalyzed strategy for the atom-transfer radical cyclization (ATRC) of allylic halide is reported. Critical to this strategy is the use of DPPF [1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene] as catalyst, which allows for efficient generation of the allylic radical species via a single-electron transfer (SET) process. The feasibility of achieving ATRC reactions of propargyl chlorides is also demonstrated, which affords products with an exocyclic allene moiety.
A copper-catalyzed annulation of oxime acetates and α-amino acid ester derivatives for the easy preparation of 4-pyrrolin-2-ones bearing a 3amino group has been developed. This process features the oxidation of amines with oxime esters as the internal oxidant to produce the active 1,3dinucleophilic and 1,2-dielectrophilic species concurrently. The subsequent nucleophilic cyclization realizes the efficient construction of 4-pyrrolin-2-one derivatives.
A Cu(OAc)2-promoted cascade
reaction of malonate-tetherd acyl oximes
with indoles, indole-2-alcohols, or indole-2-carboxmides provides
facile access to polysubstituted 3-pyrrolin-2-ones. The reaction features
the generation of two adjacent electrophilic centers at the same time
as cyclization to lactam. The subsequent double addition with nucleophiles
followed by oxidation realizes the difunctionalization of the imine
sp2-carbon and the adjacent α-sp3-carbon.
A Cu(OAc)2-promoted oxidative
cross-dehydrogenative
coupling reaction of α-acylmethyl malonates with indole derivatives
was developed. In the case of indoles, the regioselective coupling
products were formed through a sequential dehydrogenation–addition–dehydrogenation
process. When a second nucleophilic center was located in the 2-position
of indoles, further successive nucleophilic cyclization occurred to
give polycyclic indole derivatives. The Cu(OAc)2 was proved
to act as not only an oxidant but also a catalyst.
Although the Heck reactions of alkene partners with various electrophiles have achieved great success, the variant focused on carbon�heteroatom counterparts still remains elusive. Herein, we report a Pd(0)-catalyzed asymmetric intramolecular hydrazone-type Heck reaction of N-[(Z)-3-iodoallyl]-aminoacetaldehyde and hydrazine hydrate (NH 2 NH 2 −H 2 O), wherein the required hydrazone is in situ generated via an acid-promoted condensation. A key strategic advantage of this Heck paradigm is that the resultant Heck product allylic diazene rapidly undergoes stereospecific denitrogenative [1,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement, eventually furnishing a domino sequence toward 3-substituted tetrahydropyridine (THP) with high enantioselectivity. The substrate-induced diastereoselective version has also been realized, exclusively giving cis-2,5-disubstituted THPs. The utility of this sequence is demonstrated by the formal synthesis of multiple valuable bioactive targets, including 3-ethylindoloquinolizine, preclamol, and niraparib.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.