In this paper the effects of two types of tillage (conventional tillage-CT and zero tillage-ZT) with three different soil fertilization patterns(chemical fertilizer, chemical-organic fertilizer and organic fertilizer) on soil rapidly available nitrogen, rapidly available phosphorus, rapidly available kalium and soil respiration flux in ridge cultivation maize fields were studied. The results indicate that in 2005 and 2006, soil rapidly available nitrogen of two tillage type in different fertilization treatments were organic fertilizer (OF) > chemical-organic fertilizer (OCF) > no fertilizer (CK) > chemical fertilizer(CF); Except For OF, the decreasing of soil available nitrogen contents of each fertilization treatments for ZT were more than those of CT. Rapidly available phosphorus for ZT were OCF >OF > CF >CK, and for CT were OCF > CK >OF> CF; rapidly available kalium for ZT were OCF >OF > CK > CF. soil respiration for different of fertilization patterns for ZT were OCF >OF > CK > CF. In ZT, soil available N and P had close relation with soil respiration flux, especially in OCF treatment. While in CT, soil available N had close relation with soil respiration flux.

The effects of three different fertilization patterns including single chemical fertilizer(DH), chemical-organic fertilizer(HY), and single organic fertilizer (DY),no fertilizer(CK) on soil microbial biomass, soil organic carbon content, yield and soil respiration flux in ridge cultivation maize fields in the West Liaohe region were studied. The results showed that soil microbial biomass, organic carbon content, yield and soil respiration flux under HY were higher than the rest of other treatments in 2005 and 2006. The varying order of soil microbial total biomass performed as HY>DY>DH>CK on the ridge-tillage maize farmland. The soil total nitrogen concentration, organic carbon concentration and respiration of HY were significantly higher than the rest of other treatments (p HY> DH > CK; the order of biological yield was DH>HY>DY> CK; the order of grain yield was HY>DH>DY> CK and the economic coefficient of HY was the highest in both years.

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film and increasing soil moisture and water use efficiency (WUE), the field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil moisture, sunflower’s yield and water use efficiency by compared with new plastic film mulching and bare field in Hetao area, China. The results showed that, soil water of re-used film mulching increased at different degree. Compared with bare field and new film mulching, soi1 moisture of re-used film were higher significantly 1.5 percentage points in 0-100 cm, and especially 1.9 or 2.6 percentage points in 0-10 cm during sunflower’s growth stage. Soil water of re-used film was more than that of bare field 24.8 mm (in 2010) and 33.0 mm (in 2011) before seeding, and 21.6mm (in 2010) and 24.5mm (in 2011) at harvest when soil water was replenished to same level for each treatment before sowing. Meanwhile, the grain yield of re-used film was higher significantly than that of bare field 11.4% (in 2010) and 16.8% (in 2011), and WUE of re-used film was higher significantly 15.7% (in 2010) and 22.7% (in 2011) respectively, no significant with new film. So it was worth to apply re-used film to agriculture production for improving the soil moisture, enhancing water use efficiency and increasing the yield of sunflower. We suggest that the application of re-used film mulching is a suitable soil management practice for increase water and WUE in Hetao area or other areas with similar conditions.

Biological utilization of Saline soil is an effective way to improve land utilization and ecological environment. Oat is a unique crop of Inner Mongolia and has strong resistance to salt. This study setting five sowing depth of 3 cm, 5 cm, 7 cm, 9 cm and 11 cm on the morphological and physiological characteristics of two oat cultivars. The K+/Na+and selective absorption and migration, yield and nutrient quality, and soil salt content were measured from a field experiment. The highest yield of oat on saline land was obtained at sowing depth of 7 cm. The dry matter of stem and leaf accumulated more rapidly at 7 cm, membrane damage was less, leaf chlorophyll content was higher and kept higher photosynthetic capacity, K+/Na+and SK+, Na+ (migration) of stem and leaf were higher. So it showed stronger salinity adaptability and higher yield, and the yield was between 43.1% and 64.1% higher than conventional seed planting’s and it occupied between 37.2% and 42.7% of loam soil, and the crude fat content was higher. Sowing depth of 5 cm was the second choice, but sowing depth of 9 and 11 centimeter was not suitable to plant salt-enduring cultivar. The decrease sequence of oat yield and quality under salt stress was: grain yield > fresh yield > hay yield > crude fat > crude fiber. The grain yield and crude fat of salt-enduring cultivar Nei nong da you 1 were favorable for improving oat’s salinity adaptability and increasing the desalination in soil. The study can provide a theoretical basis to improve saline land utilization and high-yield cultivation of oat.