Our study was to evaluate the association between prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and pregnancy outcomes. A total of 1546 women who attended prenatal care clinics and delivered at the Peking University International Hospital, Beijing, China, from October 2018 to April 2020 was included. This research explored gestational, perinatal, and postpartum outcomes, including gestational diabetes, anemia, preeclampsia, preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), and postpartum hemorrhage. Participants were divided into underweight ( BMI < 18.5   kg / m 2 ), normal weight ( 18.5   kg / m 2 ≤ BMI ≤ 23.9   kg / m 2 ), overweight ( 24   kg / m 2 ≤ BMI ≤ 27.9   kg / m 2 ), and obese ( BMI ≥ 28   kg / m 2 ) groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the association between prepregnancy BMI and pregnancy outcomes, and odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was calculated. After adjusting potential confounders, the risk of PPROM was higher in the underweight group than the normal weight group ( OR = 1.864 , 95% CI: 1.269-2.737, P < 0.01 ). Prepregnancy obesity was associated with higher odds of gestational diabetes ( OR = 2.649 , 95% CI: 1.701-4.126, P < 0.001 ) and preeclampsia ( OR = 3.654 , 95% CI: 1.420-9.404, P < 0.01 ) than the normal weight group, whereas it correlated with the lower risk of anemia ( OR = 0.300 , 95% CI: 0.128-0.704, P < 0.01 ). Our findings may provide evidence for the importance of keeping normal weight for Chinese women when preparing for pregnancy.

Background The objective of this study was to analyze the association between calf circumference and incontinence in Chinese elderly, and to find out the maximal cut-off point by gender for the use of calf circumference in screening for incontinence. Methods In this study, participants were from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). The maximal calf circumference cut-off point and other incontinence-related risk factors were explored using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and logistic regression analysis. Results The study included 14,989 elderly people (6,516 males and 8,473 females) over 60. The prevalence of incontinence in elderly males was 5.23% (341/6,516), significantly lower than females, which was 8.31% (704/8,473) (p < 0.001). There was no correlation between calf circumference < 34 cm in males and < 33 cm in females and incontinence after adjusting the confounders. We further stratified by gender to predict incontinence in elderly based on the Youden index of ROC curves. We found the association between calf circumference and incontinence was the strongest when the cut-off points were < 28.5 cm for males and < 26.5 cm for females, with an odds rate (OR) value of 1.620 (male, 95%CI: 1.197–2.288) and 1.292 (female, 95%CI: 1.044–1.600) after adjusting the covariates, respectively. Conclusions Our study suggests that calf circumference < 28.5 cm in males and < 26.5 cm in females is a risk factor for incontinence in the Chinese elderly population. Calf circumference should be measured in routine physical examination, and timely interventions should be made to reduce the risk of incontinence in subjects with calf circumference less than the threshold.

Introduction: The accurate diagnosis of pneumatosis intestinalis (PI) is increasing despite patients’ limited identification of etiologic factors. Recently a patient with lung squamous carcinoma who developed pneumatosis intestinalis following methylprednisolone administration for immune-related adverse events was treated at our hospital. Subsequent a literature review and an analysis of the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database enabled the identification of additional cases of pneumatosis intestinalis.Methods: A literature review of the MEDLINE/PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection databases using standard pneumatosis intestinalis search terms to identify published cases of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) or steroids causing pneumatosis intestinalis were performed. A separate retrospective pharmacovigilance study of FAERS enabled the extraction of unpublished cases of pneumatosis intestinalis between the first quarter of 2005 and the third quarter of 2022. Disproportionality and Bayesian analyses were performed to identify signal detection in reported odds ratios, proportional reporting ratios, information components, and empirical Bayesian geometric means.Results: Ten case reports of steroid-related pneumatosis intestinalis were retrieved from six published studies. The implicated drug therapies included pre-treatment with steroids before chemotherapy, combination therapy with cytotoxic agents and steroids, and monotherapy with steroids. In the FAERS pharmacovigilance study, 1,272 cases of immune checkpoint inhibitors or steroid-related pneumatosis intestinalis were incidentally reported. The signal detected in five kinds of immune checkpoint inhibitors and six kinds of steroids implied a positive correlation between the drugs and adverse events.Conclusion: Steroids might be the etiologic factors in the current case of pneumatosis intestinalis. Reports supporting the role of steroids in suspected cases of pneumatosis intestinalis can be found in literature databases and the FAERS database. Even so, as documented in FAERS, immune checkpoint inhibitors-induced pneumatosis intestinalis should not be excluded.

Purpose: To assess the efficacy and tolerability of low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation plus standard antiemetics following highly emetogenic chemotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: NSCLC patients who received highly emetogenic chemotherapy were randomized into control and observation groups by random number table. Patients in the observation group received the triple antiemetic regime plus low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation (since the day of chemotherapy for 5 days consecutively). Meanwhile, those in the observation group only received the triple antiemetic regime. The severity of nausea and vomiting episodes were recorded on a daily basis. On the sixth day after chemotherapy, the patients were scored by the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE) questionnaire. The complete response rate of vomiting, incidence of nausea, severity of nausea, and FLIE score were compared between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the incidence of nausea decreased significantly in the observation group throughout the course of treatment (66.7% vs. 40.5%, p=0.016). At 24-120h after chemotherapy, the complete response rate of vomiting at the delayed stage increased conspicuously in the observation group (88.1% vs. 69.1%, p=0.033). At this stage, the proportion of patients without nausea in the observation group was also significantly higher (73.8% vs. 47.6%, p=0.014). The total FLIE scores in the observation group were conspicuously higher than the control group (106.05±15.35 vs. 95.04±20.02, p=0.02). Conclusion: The combination of the triple antiemetic regimen and low-frequency electrical acupoint stimulation memorably improves chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in NSCLC patients.