Qiwei Tongbi oral liquid (QWTB), a classical traditional Chinese medicine formula, is widely used to treat arthritis‐related diseases in clinical practice. Currently, in vivo metabolic characteristics and pharmacokinetic studies are lacking. This study analyzed the prototype components of QWTB absorbed in the blood and their metabolic transformation process after intragastric administration and compared the differences in pharmacokinetic properties between healthy and rheumatoid arthritis model rats. In sum, 17 prototype components and 21 related metabolites were identified in the plasma and urine of the treated rats. Metabolites were derived from sinomenine and magnoflorine. Through systematic methodology verification, an accurate and stable detection method for sinomenine and magnoflorine in plasma samples was established and applied to pharmacokinetic research of QWTB. At the three dose levels, the AUC0–∞ (area under the curve) of the two components showed a good positive correlation with the dose (R2 > 0.9). Compared with healthy rats, the Tmax, t1/2z, and AUC of sinomenine were markedly increased, and Cmax was decreased in rheumatoid arthritis model rats, indicating that the rate of absorption and elimination rate decreased, but the body exposure increased. However, there were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of magnoflorine under healthy and pathological conditions. In summary, the main active ingredients of QWTB are sinomenine and magnoflorine, which exhibit linear kinetic characteristics within a set dose range, and the rheumatoid arthritis pathological state is more conducive to the absorption and efficacy of sinomenine. The results of this study demonstrate the rationality of the clinical application of the QWTB.

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Jinzhen oral liquid (JZOL) is widely used in China. However, its tissue distribution, a vital part of the efficacy substances research, has not been reported yet. This study characterized its chemical components and its prototypes and metabolites in mice, and investigated its tissue distribution in pathological and healthy mice. Several constituents were characterized, including 55 constituents in JZOL, 11 absorbed prototypes and six metabolites in plasma and tissues. The metabolic pathways were demethylation, dehydration and acetylation. A sensitive, accurate and stable quantitative method was established and applied to the tissue distribution. After administration of JZOL, these seven components were rapidly distributed to various tissues, mainly staying in the small intestine, and less distributed to lung, liver and kidney.Compared with healthy mice, the absorption of baicalin, wogonoside, rhein, glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritin apioside was reduced in influenza mice, but their elimination was slow. However, influenza infection had no obvious effect on the overall distribution of the most important components (baicalin, glycyrrhizic acid and wogonoside) in the plasma or small intestine, but obviously affected the distribution of baicalin in liver. In summary, seven components are rapidly distributed to various tissues, and influenza infection has certain influence on the tissue distribution of JZOL.