High-resolution current sensor utilizing nanocrystalline alloy and magnetoelectric laminate composite Rev. Sci. Instrum. 83, 115001 (2012) A nonlinearity in the magnetoelectric coefficient, a Nonlin ME , of Metglas=Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) and Metglas=Pb(Mg 1=3 ,Nb 2=3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 (PMN-PT) laminate sensors has been observed. This nonlinearity was found to be dependent on the dc magnetic bias (H dc ) and frequency of the ac drive field (H ac ). The maximum value of a Nonlin ME for both types of composites was found near the electromechanical resonance. For Metglas=PZT laminates, the maximum occurred under a finite bias of H dc %5 Oe; whereas, for Metglas=PMN-PT, the maximum was found near zero dc bias. One application for a Nonlin ME is a cross-modulation scheme that can shift low frequency signals to higher frequency to achieve lower noise floor. For Metglas=PMN-PT, a Nonlin ME has another application: removal of the necessity of a dc bias, which helps to design high-sensitivity sensor arrays and gradiometers.

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Articles you may be interested inWe have developed Metglas/Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -PbTiO 3 magnetoelectric (ME) laminates that have notably larger ME coefficients, with maximum values of up to 45 V/cm Oe. Based on this giant ME effect, the dc magnetic field sensitivity for Metglas/PMN-PT laminate sensors was improved by a factor of > 3, relative to that for Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT)-based ones of the same geometry. Our new ME sensor can detect dc magnetic field changes as small as (i) 5 nT at 1 kHz and (ii) 1 nT near the resonant frequency in a shield chamber.

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A differential structure which has the ability to reject external vibrational noise for Metglas/Pb(Zr,Ti)O(3) (PZT) fiber-based magnetoelectric (ME) heterostructures has been studied. This type of ME structure functions better than conventional sensors as a magnetic sensor when used in an environment in which vibrational isolation is impractical. Sensors fabricated with this differential mode structure can attenuate external vibrational noise by about 10 to 20 dB at different frequencies, while simultaneously having a doubled ME voltage coefficient. Interestingly, in addition to offering a means of mitigating vibrational noise, this ME structure offers the potential to be a hybrid sensor, separating magnetic and acoustical signals.