Radix Tetrastigma Hemsleyani Flavone (RTHF) is widely used as a traditional herb for its detoxification and anti-inflammation activity. Recently, several studies have shown that RTHF can inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human cancer cell lines. However, the mechanisms are not completely understood yet. In this study we investigated the potential effects of RTHF on growth and apoptosis in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells as well as its mechanisms. A549 cells were treated with RTHF at various concentrations for different times. In vitro the MTT assay showed that RTHF had obvious anti-proliferation effects on A549 cells in a dose-and timedependent manner. Cell morphological changes observed by inverted microscope and Hoechst33258 methods were compared with apoptotic changes observed by fluorescence microscope. Cell apoptosis inspected by flow cytometry showed significant increase in the treatment group over the control group (P<0.01). Expression of apoptosis related Bax/Bcl-2, caspases and MAPK pathway proteins were detected by Western blotting. The results showed that RTHF up-regulated the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and cle-caspase3/9, cle-PARP expression in a dosedependent manner. Expression of p-p38 increased, p-ERK decreased significantly and that of p-JNK was little changed in the RTHF group when compared with the control group. These results suggest that RTHF might exert anti-growth and apoptosis activity against lung cancer A549 cells through activation of caspases and Bcl-2 family proteins and the MAPK pathway, therefore presenting as a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of lung cancer.
Vitiligo is a commom disease of skin. Its pathogenesis is complex, resulting in the incapacity to find a targeted cure. Baicalin, which is isolated from Scutellariae radix, has been known to exhibit a number of pharmacological effects on autoimmune diseases. In this study, we explored the effects of Baicalin on the recovery of vitiligo stimulated by monophenylketone in mice. We observed that Baicalin slowed down the progression of depigmentation, decreased the incidence of depigmentation, and reduced the area of depigmentation. Moreover, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) shown that Baicalin increased the epidermal melanocytes in depigmented skin. Baicalin decreased CD8 T cell infiltration in mice skin, and decreased the expression of CXCL10 and CXCR3. Baicalin significantly decreased the levels of serum cytokine (interleukin [IL]-6, tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-α, interferon-γ [IFN-γ], and IL-13). Collectively, these data suggest that Baicalin play an important role in the occurrence and development of vitiligo.
Radix Tetrastigma hemsleyani flavone (RTHF) is widely used as a traditional herb and has detoxification and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the potential effects of RTHF on the growth and metastasis of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells and evaluated its mechanisms. A549 cells were treated with RTHF at various concentrations for different periods. In vitro Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and colony formation methods showed that RTHF had dose- and time-dependent antiproliferation effects on A549 cells. A cell adhesion assay showed that RTHF decreased A549 cell adhesion in a dose-dependent manner. Cell invasion and migration were investigated using the Transwell assay and observed using an inverted microscope; the results showed that cell metastasis was significantly lower in the treatment group than that in the control group (P<0.01). Expression of metastasis-related matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blotting. The results showed that the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 decreased, while that of TIMP-2 increased significantly in the RTHF group when compared with the results of the control group. These results show that RTHF exhibits antigrowth and antimetastasis activity in lung cancer A549 cells by decreasing the expression of MMP-2/-9 and TIMP-1 and increasing that of TIMP-2.
BackgroundRadix Tetrastigma Hemsleyani Flavone (RTHF) has detoxification and anti-inflammation activity and is widely used. Here, we report that RTHF inhibits cell proliferation and induces apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma A431 cells and is a potential strategy for cancer therapy.Material/MethodsA431 cells were cultured in different concentrations of RTHF. The inhibition of cell proliferation was assessed by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was shown through FCM, and cell invasion was assessed by Transwell methods. Enzyme proteasome assay was used to detect the activity of proteasome and DUB. Expression of apoptosis-related and ubiquitin proteasome pathway-associated proteins were assessed by PCR and Western blot.ResultsRTHF obviously suppressed the proliferation and induced apoptosis of A431 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Transwell assay showed that RTHF inhibited the cell metastasis significantly. Enzyme proteasome assay show that the RTHF treatment of activity of proteasome and DUB was significantly lower than in control. RTHF increased the expression of Bax and inhibited Bcl-2, pro-caspase3, and pro-caspase9 activity. The expression of USP14, UCHL5, and POH1 decreased and ub-prs increased significantly in the treatment group.ConclusionsOur study reveals that RTHF-mediated inhibition of DUBs and proteasome may provide a potential strategy for cancer therapy.
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