Objectives This research aimed to evaluate the effect of the consumption of a baked corn and bean snack in the intestinal oxidative stress and energetic metabolism in chronic colitis in vivo. Methods The polyphenolic composition of baked 70% nixtamalized corn (Zea mays L.) and 30% cooked common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) snack (70/30) was characterized by UHPLC-QTOF/MS. Dextran sodium sulfate (DSS, 2% v/v) was used as chemical inductor of colitis in 45 CD-1/ICR male mice (6–8 weeks age) randomly distributed in 5 groups (treatment 5 weeks): G1 (basal diet: BD + water), G2 (BD), G3 (20 g 70/30/kg body weight: BW/day + BS), G4 (40 g 70/30/kg BW/day + BS), and G5 (60 g 70/30/kg BW/day + BS). G2-G5 groups were administered DSS every other week, during 5-weeks. BW and disease activity indexes (DAI) were measured weekly. Liver and colon histopathological and immunohistochemical (TGF-b and Ki-67) analysis was performed. Serum antioxidant capacity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and fecal composition (polyphenols and short-chain fatty acids) were quantified. The colonic mRNA expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and energy metabolism was performed using a mice gene array. Results p-Coumaric and ferulic acids were the main identified phenolics (72–103 mg/g snack, respectively). G3 and G4 exhibited the highest BW (+2.94%) and lowest DAI scores (0.5–1.5) (p < 0.05) among the DSS-induced groups, compared to G2. G4 showed preservation of colon architecture from 70/30-administered groups (histological score: 4.30 ± 0.13), while G3 and G4 exhibited the highest seric antioxidant capacity values (130–147 mg equivalents Trolox/mL). Snack-added groups displayed the lowest IL-6 and TNF-a values (598–657 pg/mL and 82–277 pg/mL, respectively) (p < 0.05) and the highest amount of fecal polyphenols and short-chain fatty acids (21–25 mM). G1 and G4 were clustered in the same groups from the gene analysis (p < 0.05), being the adiponectin receptor 1 (ADIPOR1) (-0.17 fold), erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (NRF2) (0.32–0.34 fold), and superoxide dismutase (SOD2) (0.58–1.25 fold) the main regulated genes, compared to G2. Conclusions Results suggested that 70/30 baked corn and bean snack consumption protects the colon from inflammatory symptoms, decreasing oxidative stress in vivo. Funding Sources The funding received by CONACyT is appreciated.

Chemically modified starches from underutilized food sources such as Colombian Musaceae can be combined with additives and proper transformation procedures, as wall materials preserving bioactive compounds. This work aims to find the best conditions for encapsulating blackberry concentrate (BBC) using octenyl succinic anhydride (OSA)‐modified starch from Gros Michel banana (GMB). Experimental designs are conducted to optimize the BBC emulsion and the spray‐drying process. The solubility is the most influenced response in the spray‐drying process. Synergistic interactions between the OSA‐modified GMB starch and maltodextrin content contribute to the desirability response. OSA‐modified GMB starch produces appropriate powders with low particle size (D10: 22.2 µm, D50: 40.7 µm) and hygroscopicity (20.87 g/100 g) while exhibiting a high yield (58.94 g/100 g), total phenolics (TP) content (≈91 mg GAE/g sample), antioxidant capacity (≈89 µg TE/g sample), and encapsulation efficiency (53.01%). The obtained powders in this work have a half‐life time (15 °C) of 3.1 months (solubility) and 51.6 months (D10). These results indicate the advantage of using OSA‐modified GMB starch to produce spray‐dried BBC powders, preserving its TP content. In conclusion, OSA‐modified starches from GMB are new materials that can be used in spray drying.

Objectives This research aimed to assess the metabolic impact of the daily intake of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and oats (Avena sativa) snack bars (BOSB) on the attenuation of hypertriglyceridemia markers in Mexican women. We hypothesized that the bioactive compounds from BOSB (phenolic compounds and dietary fiber) would improve the plasma protein profile and biochemical parameters related to lipid metabolism. Methods The proximal and nutraceutical composition (dietary fiber content, free phenolic compounds, oligosaccharides, and antioxidant capacity) of BOSB was carried out. A randomized parallel clinical trial (8 weeks) was conducted with hypertriglyceridemic women (TG > 150 mg/dL) allocated to BOSB (n = 14) and control (n = 12) groups. Both groups received nutritional orientation, but the BOSB-group consumed 50 g/day of the snack bar. Anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were collected at baseline and after 8 weeks (≥ 90% study adherence). Plasma biochemical analyses (glucose, TG, high-density lipoproteins, low-density lipoproteins, C-reactive protein, insulin, and HOMA index) and proteomic measurements (Human Obesity Antibody Array) were conducted. Results BOSB primarily contained carbohydrates (60.57%), from which total dietary fiber accounts for more than 50%. Raffinose (8.22 mg/g) and stachyose (25.34%) were the identified oligosaccharides, while gallic acid (237.97 mg/g) and (+)-catechin (82.31 mg/g) the major phenolic acid and flavonoid, respectively. The BOSB group exhibited significant (p < 0.05) lower TG (-34%) and glucose levels (-3.8%) compared to basal levels. Forty proteins (mainly TSHB, F3, TIMP2, DLK1, SPARC, CCL3, GHRL, FGF10 and, ACE) were differentially modulated by the BOSB consumption. Bioinformatic analyses from the proteomic quantifications showed a relationship with the inhibition of pre-adipocyte maturation, adipogenesis, and hepatic β-oxidation. Conclusions Our results suggested that BOSB daily intake for 8 weeks improved lipid-metabolism parameters and attenuated hypertriglyceridemia markers in Mexican women, showing promissory potential for TG reduction without diet restriction. Funding Sources The funding received by CONACyT is appreciated.

<p>El principal objetivo de este trabajo fue el de desarrollar modelos matemáticos para predecir el comportamiento de los atributos de calidad en la fritura de rebanadas de  papa criolla (<em>Solanum phureja</em>). Las condiciones de fritura utilizadas fueron: temperatura de 170 y 190 °C,  tiempos de 1,5 y 3,5 minutos, con un  espesor de rebanada 1,5 mm; tomando como variables de respuesta el color del producto final, la textura, el contenido de humedad y el porcentaje de grasa. Se utilizó un diseño experimental completamente al azar con un  arreglo factorial 22 (temperatura y tiempos) con tres repeticiones por tratamiento. Se demostró que las variables: color, humedad y grasa, no presentaron problema alguno en los supuestos de normalidad y varianzas iguales, permitiendo de esta manera utilizar el ANOVA. Para el modelamiento matemático de la variable textura, fue necesario usar primero una transformación y después aplicar el ANOVA. El análisis exhibió tres modelos estadísticos significativos para las variables: humedad, porcentaje grasa y textura.  Con respecto a color los factores controlables no presentaron significancia estadística alguna (p&gt; 0,05). Los  modelos matemáticos encontrados permiten predecir  satisfactoriamente los comportamientos de las variables respuesta.</p>

Objective: To describe the agribusiness potential of the castor oil plant in Mexico through the collection and analysis of agricultural, industrial and commercial information that allows decision making for the formulation of future productive projects to generate economic, social and technological impacts.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study is descriptive with a transactional design. The information was collected on national and international agrifood statistical and  documentary information platforms.Results: Different attempts have been made in Mexico in commercial and research  projects related to the cultivation, production and transformation of castor oil, with results that are not very encouraging due to the lack of knowledge about productive, technological and commercial processes. However, on the other hand, the need for the industrial sector to import oil to produce high-value products is evident. Study Limitations/Implications: Isolated efforts have been made by each of the actors in the castor oil agribusiness, which has prevented the sector’s consolidation.Findings/Conclusions: An intelligent management of agricultural production must be implemented through the establishment of commercial crops with the adoption of basic technological packages applied to each region in particular, with great attention to the availability of planting seed, which should have agronomic potential, use of nutrition and management of pests and diseases, as well as to foresee all the cultural tasks ofmaintenance of the crop and harvesting modality that guarantee yield in the field and quality raw material. Currently, there is a deficit in the castor oil market in the country, which leads to high business prospects and business opportunities.