<p>Corn plant waste is one of alternative feed source that has big potential to make various low cost and useful feed product. One of technologies that can be applied to make feed biscuit is pressing technology. Biscuit feed is made by<br />heating and pressing of forage usually it to become, thin, and flat. The objectives of this experiment were to determine physical characteristics and palatability of corn plant waste in the biscuit form for fiber substitution. The experimental<br />design used was Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments and 3 replications. The treatment were : R1 (100% field grass), R2 (50% field grass+50% corn leaf), R3 (100% corn leaf), R4 (50% field grass+50% corn husk), R5 (50% corn leaf+50% corn husk) and R6 (100% corn husk). The data were subjected to ANOVA and Contrast Orthogonal Test. The observed variables were water activity, moisture, water absorption, density, and palatability. The results indicated that the treatments had highly significant effect (P&lt;0.01) on water content. The water content of biscuits in R2 (11.06±0.10), R1 (11.23±0.60), and R6 (11.39±0.71) were lower than in biscuits R4 (11.73±0.17), R5 (11.80±0.09,) and R3 (12.85±0.37). The average of water content of all treatments was 11.68±0.34%. The treatments also significantly affected (P&lt;0.05) water absorption of biscuit feed in which water absorption on R4 (514.48±19.95), R5 (504.27±5.59) and R1 (492.34±40.90) were higher than R6 (452.31±42.63), R3 (438.00±15.69) and R2 (383.49±31.97) with overall averages of 464.15±26.12%. Water activity, density, and palatability were not significantly different. It could be concluded that palatability of corn plant waste biscuit was the same with field grass biscuit on sheep.</p><p>(Key words: Biscuit of corn plant waste, Physical characteristic, Palatability, Sheep)<br /><br /></p>

Pellet is a kind of solidified and mechanically compressed feed. Problem frequently rise is that pellet shape is easily damaged, brittle, and broken during production, transportation and storage processing. The purpose this study was to know the influence of onggok addition as binding agent with 5% water spraying on the physical characteristic of pellet form ration.The data were analysed by analyzed of variance and the significant experiment results would be examined by orthogonal contrast test. The treatments consist from the first experiment were: A1 = basal ration + 0% spraying water, A2 = basal ration + 5% spraying water, A3 = basal ration + 10% spraying water and A4 = basal ration + 15% spraying water. The best result from the first experiment would be used for the second experiment, the treatments second experiment were: R1 = basal ration + 5% spraying water + 0% onggok, R2 = basal ration + 5% spraying water + 2% onggok, R3 = basal ration + 5% spraying water + 4% onggok and R4 = basal ration + 5% spraying water + 6% onggok.The parameters were water content, water activity, specific gravity, loose bulk density, compressed bulk density, angle of repose, modulus of fineness, average particle sizes and the durability of pellet form. The conclusion of the experiment that added of onggok as binder significant influenced of the characteristic physical pellet, i.e.: increased loose bulk density, compressed bulk density, modulus of fineness, average particle sizes, and durability of pellet, but decreased specific gravity, water content, angle of repose and water activity. ) menyatakan bahwa pelet adalah hasil modifikasi dari mash yang dihasilkan dari pengepresan mesin pelet menjadi lebih keras. Bentuk fisik pakan berupa pelet ini sangat dipengaruhi oleh jenis bahan yang digunakan, ukuran pencetak, jumlah air, tekanan dan metode setelah pengolahan serta penggunaan bahan pengikat/perekat untuk menghasilkan pelet dengan struktur yang kuat, kompak dan kokoh sehingga pelet tidak mudah pecah.Bahan perekat sintetis yang biasa digunakan dalam pembuatan pakan ternak di Industri Makanan Ternak antara lain Carboksil Metil Cellulosa (CMC) yang harganya mahal sehingga akan meningkatkan harga dari pellet itu sendiri, untuk itu perlu dicari bahan perekat alternatif untuk menggantikan bahan-bahan Corresponding author: weny.widiarti@yahoo.com perekat tersebut yang berharga murah, ketersediaannya banyak, mempunyai daya rekat yang tinggi, mudah dicerna oleh organisme, dapat bersatu dengan bahan-bahan ransum lainnya dan tidak mengandung racun.Onggok merupakan hasil sampingan industri tapioka yang berbentuk padat. Komponen penting yang terdapat pada onggok adalah pati dan serat kasar. Kandungan ini berbeda untuk setiap daerah asal, jenis dan mutu ubi kayu, teknologi yang digunakan dan penanganan ampas itu sendiri. Kandungan pati onggok adalah sekitar 69,9% dan dari setiap 100 kg umbi segar akan menghasilkan 5-10 kg onggok atau sekitar 5-10% onggok, sehingga dengan kandungan patinya yang tinggi dan banyak tersedia, onggok ...

The effect of using synthetic binder on physical quality of chicken rationABSTRACT. The purpose of this study was learn about the influence added lignosulfonate and bentonite by some processes production on physical characteristics of pellet form ration. The experimental design had used a Randomized Completely Design with 4 x 3 factorial and 3 replocats. Factor A were processes production, i.e : A0 = without processing, A1 = added 5% water spraying, A2 = added 5% hot water spraying and A3 = steam 45 minute on 1000C and pressure 1.7-1.8 kg/cm2. Factor R were added binder, i.e: R0 = control ration, R1 = control ration + 1.25% lignosulfonate and R2 = control ration + 2.5% bentonite. The parameters observed were water content, specific weght, specific density, packed specific density, angle of repose, particle size, water activity and durability of pellet. Result from this study showed some steam process by autoclave 45 minute and added binder lignosulfonate and bentonite was obviously influence specific weight, specific density, packed specific density, angel of repose, particle size, water activity and durability of pellet by percentage was 0.67 cm, 0.68 g/cm3, 0.75 g/cm3, 1.57 g/cm3, 26.990, even the water activity 0.81 wasn’t good. Added binder lignosulfonate and bentonite was obviously particle size was 0.67 cm and durability of pellet was 99.99%. Added lignosulfonate and bentonite by some process given the best on durability if it compared with commercials ration. The purpose of this study was to learn about the effect of using binder lignosulfonate and bentonite during six weeks period. The experimental design used a Randomized Completely Design with 3 x 4 factorial and 3 replications. Factor B was storage term (0. 2. 4 and 6 weeks). The parameters observed were water content, water activity factor higroskopic, particle size, specific density, bulk density, packed bulk density and pellet durability. The storage term very significant (P0.01) influenced the water content and increased the water activity, decreased the factor higroskopic, particle size, specific density, bulk density, packed bulk density and durability of pellet. The lowest water content was 10.82% in 6 weeks. The lowest water activity was 0.74 in 0 week. The highest particle size was 0.669 cm in 0 week. The highest durability of pellet was 99.95% in 0 week. The highest specific weight was 1.30 g/cm3 in 2 weeks. The highest specific density was 0.738 g/cm3 in 0 week. The highest packed density was 0.738 g/cm3 in 0 week and the lowest factor higroskopic was 0.79% in 2 weeks.

The storage is very important in a farm management, because this activity can take care of feed stability which enough and preferable to be consumed by animal and also strive for animal food availability continuously. The purpose of this research is to know the water spraying level and variation of storage period against the endurance of pellet broiler finisher ration. This research was designed by a Completely Randomized Design Factorial with two factors (water spraying different level and storage period) with four replicates, the significant result were analyzed by orthogonal contras test. On this experiment, the different level of water spraying (0, 3, 6%) were conducted during mixing at conditioning process, and then the ration were stored until four weeks to study the endurance of pellet e.g.: water content (%), water activity, specific gravity (ton/m 3 ), pellet durability index (%), attack of insect. The water content, specific gravity, and pellet durability index was very significantly (P<0.01) reduce by water spraying different level, and not significantly on water activity. The storage period showed very significantly (P<0.01) increase the specific gravity, pellet durability index, and the insect attacks, and significantly (P<0.01) decreased the water activity, but not effect on water content. Interaction among spraying level and storage period is very significantly (P<0.01) on the values of water content, water activity, specific gravity and pellet durability.

The  aim  of  this  experiment  was  to  evaluate  the  effect  of  different  forage  wafer  variety,  storage periods  and  the  interaction  on  wafer  physical  characteristics.  The  experimental  design  used  in  this research was Factorial Completely Randomized Design with 2 factors and 4 replications. Factor A was forage variety composing wafer (R1 = 100% grass; R2 = 100 % maize straw; R3 = 100% maize steam, R4 = 50% field grass + maize straw; R5 = 50% field grass + maize steam; R6 = 50% maize straw + 50% maize steam. The variables  were water  content,  water activity  and density of wafer. Data collected was analyzed with ANOVA and Duncan Range Test would be used if the result was significantly different. The forage vaiety was very significant (P<0.01) on moisture content, water activity and density of wafer. The  storage  period  was  very  significantly  (P<0.01)  increasing  on  water  content,  water  activity  and decreasing  wafer  density.  There  was  very  significant  interaction  (P>0.01)  between  forage  variety  and storage period on water content, water activity and density of wafer.