SiO is a promising alternative to Si as the anode material
for
lithium-ion batteries, but it still suffers from a low initial coulomb
efficiency, poor electrical conductivity, unstable cycling performance,
etc. Various strategies have been attempted to solve these issues
but were left unsolved. In this work, we propose a simple strategy
that checks all of the right boxes by presetting a lithium source
electrolyte (Li2CO3) into a SiO film using the
magnetron sputtering method. The preset lithium source electrolyte
provides both the lithium ions and the electrolyte required for the
formation of a solid electrolyte interphase and thus significantly
improves the initial coulomb efficiency. The lithium source electrolyte
also acts as a medium to facilitate the growth of a solid electrolyte
interphase inside this composite film in addition to its surfaces.
The interior interphase provides an efficient and fast pathway for
lithium-ion transmission during the lithiation process and thus improves
the anode conductivity and the rate performance. The interior interphase
also suppresses the brittle fracture by buffering the dramatic volume
change during the lithiation/delithiation process and stabilizes the
cycling performance substantially. In addition, this strategy is safe,
green, and of low-cost, when compared to others, and provides a feasible
way to commercialize the SiO anode for lithium-ion batteries.
Silicon is a potential next-generation anode material
for a lithium-ion
battery. However, the large-scale application of silicon is restricted
by poor electrical conductivity, large volume change, and high irreversible
capacity during the charge/discharge process. Here, we proposed a
simple strategy by preimplanting a solid lithium source electrolyte
(Li2CO3 and Li2O) into Si thick film
to improve the electrochemical properties of Si materials. The implanted
solid lithium source electrolyte participates in and induces the formation
of SEI not only on the top surface of Si film but also in the interface
of Si particles. The thick Si film with the implanted solid lithium
electrolyte (a thickness of ∼10 μm) delivers above 2000
mAh g–1 specific capacity, >92% initial Coulombic
efficiency, and ∼87% capacity retention over 150 cycles at
400 mA g–1. The present work sheds light on the
design of high capacity and long cycle life electrode materials for
other batteries.
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