Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is one of the most aggressive subtypes of breast cancer with negativity for oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2). Non‐coding RNAs (ncRNAs) make up most of the transcriptome and are widely present in eukaryotic cells. In recent years, emerging evidence suggests that ncRNAs, mainly microRNAs (miRNAs), long ncRNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), play prominent roles in the tumorigenesis and development of TNBC, but the functions of most ncRNAs have not been fully described. In this review, we systematically elucidate the general characteristics and biogenesis of miRNAs, lncRNAs and circRNAs, discuss the emerging functions of these ncRNAs in TNBC and present future perspectives in clinical practice.

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Autologous fat transplantation (AFT) is a common and important operation in plastic surgery for soft tissue defects and adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) are considered as a promising supplement to decrease absorption and subsequent side effects due to the ability of multiple differentiation and production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The capacities of ADSCs can be further enhanced by treatment with 17-β estradiol (E2). Therefore, we hypothesized that E2 may promote the potential of ADSCs for AFT. In this study, ADSCs were extracted from three female patients by liposuction. In vitro studies showed that E2 supplementation at an optimal concentration of 10 -8 M resulted in enhanced proliferation, VEGF production, and adipogenic differentiation of human ADSCs, and reduced apoptosis rate in a serum-free environment. In addition, a nude mice model of fat transplantation was utilized to demonstrate the efficacy of ADSC for survival ratio in vivo. These results using the volume of fat tissues after 12 weeks compared original volume, revealed that the addition of E2-treated ADSCs induced a significantly higher tissue survival ratio (76.9 ± 1.9%) when compared with the ADSC-free system (55.5 ± 1.5%). Furthermore, increased capillary formation stained with hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) was observed in ADSCs systems after treatment with E2. Therefore, this study demonstrated E2 could promote the capacities of ADSCs about aspects of adipogenic differentiation, growth factor secretion and apoptosis reduction in vitro, vascularization improvement in vivo, and then enhanced the survival ratio of AFT.

Background The peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) gene family has been demonstrated to participate in carcinogenesis and development of numerous cancers and the prognostic values in several cancers have been evaluated already. Purpose of our research is to explore the expression profiles and prognostic values of PRDXs in breast cancer (BrCa). Methods The transcriptional levels of PDRX family members in primary BrCa tissues and their association with intrinsic subclasses were analyzed using UALCAN database. Then, the genetic alterations of PDRXs were examined by cBioPortal database. Moreover, the prognostic values of PRDXs in BrCa patients were investigated via the Kaplan-Meier plotter. Results The transcriptional levels of most PRDXs family members in BrCa tissues were significantly elevated compared with normal breast tissues. Meanwhile, dysregulated PRDXs expression was associated with intrinsic subclasses of BrCa. Besides, copy number alterations (CNA) of PRDXs positively regulated their mRNA expressions. Furthermore, high mRNA expression of PRDX4/6 was significantly associated with poor overall survival (OS) in BrCa patients, while high mRNA expression of PRDX3 was notably related to favorable OS. Simultaneously, high mRNA expression of PRDX1/2/4/5/6 was significantly associated with shorter relapse-free survival (RFS) in BrCa patients, while high mRNA expression of PRDX3 was notably related to favorable RFS. In addition, the prognostic value of PRDXs in the different clinicopathological features based on intrinsic subclasses and chemotherapeutic treatment of BrCa patients was further assessed in the KM plotter database. Conclusion Our findings systematically elucidate the expression profiles and distinct prognostic values of PRDXs in BrCa, which might provide novel therapeutic targets and potential prognostic biomarkers for BrCa patients.