Aktivitas penanganan bahan secara manual masih banyak kita temui dalam kehidupan sehari-hari saat melaksanakan sebuah pekerjaan. Ketidak ergonomis pekerjaan manual material handling (MMH) akan menimbulkan risiko keluhan muskuloskeletal disorder (MSDs). Selain dapat menyebabkan risiko-risiko muskuloskeletal, pekerjaan MMH dapat meningkatkan kelelahan otot lokal akibat banyaknya kontraksi otot yang terlibat dan low back pain (LBP). Aktivitas mengangkat dan membawa galon air secara pada gedung bertingkat tentu menjadi tugas yang cukup berat. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap aktivitas MMH mengangkat dan membawa air kemasan galon dengan menggunakan metode Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) untuk menilai postur aktivitas MMH dan  mengklasifikasikan dalam tingkatan risiko. Untuk analisis tekanan pada sendi antara lumbal lima dan sacral pertama (L5/S1) dilakukan dengan software prediksi kekuatan dan ketahanan statis tubuh. Hasil yang diperoleh dari penilaian postur dengan metode RULA aktivitas MMH pengangkatan dan membawa galon air mineral secara manual pada gedung bertingkat adalah nilai 7 (tujuh) yang masuk dalam kategori risiko tinggi sehingga perlu adanya perbaikan segera. Hasil analisis gaya tekan L5/S1 pada sikap kerja MMH yaitu sebesar 1644N untuk posisi angkat dan 2475N saat membawa. Usulan perbaikan yaitu posisi tubuh agar tetap tegak, mengurangi sudut yang terbentuk agar memperkecil momen gaya, menggunakan alat bantu material handling lifting secara mekanis maupun elektrik agar pekerjaan MMH tidak menggunakan kekuatan operator yang berlebihan baik saat mengangkat maupun membawa beban.

PT PLB (pseudonym) is a company that produces household appliances and kitchen utensils. The country kettle is one type of product made by PT PLB. The productivity of the country kettle production line decreased by 56%. This was due to defective products. The largest percentage of defects in-country kettle products occurred in the spinning process of 40.18%. This study aimed to identify the causes of defects in-country kettle products and how to overcome them by designing improvement proposals. Lean manufacturing principles were used to evaluate the problems that occur. There were three types of lean manufacturing tools used in this study: Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and 5Ways. VSM was used to describe and identify value-added activities, non-value-added activities but necessary, and non-value-added activities so that the production process becomes lean. The root cause analysis was performed using the 5 Whys method. Unskilled workers and non-standard material types between suppliers are the highest contributors to defects in the spinning process. Based on this, this research was focused on improvements made in the spinning process. Proposals for improvements to the causes of the problems found are standardization of work procedures, standardization of supplier specifications, and arrangement of semi-finished goods and/or supplies. Based on the company's results, the proposed standardization of work procedures and arrangement of semi-finished goods and/or supplies may be implemented in the company. Meanwhile, the proposal for selecting suppliers is not feasible due to company limitations

The growth of the service sector industry which has been growing, one of which is in the tourism travel sector, has caused MSMEs 3005 BR to continue to increase market penetration. This study aims to find out how to increase the penetration of the 3005 brand. The method used in this study is a qualitative method, where the data were obtained from interviews with the owner of the 3005 BR and document studies. This study uses internal and external analysis with various approaches such as Resources Based-View (RBV), VRIO framework, Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA), and TOWS analysis. The results of this study produce market penetration strategy such as customer retention and increasing of the existing market strategy with program proposal that can increase the penetration of the 3005 BR brand which is supported by the MSMEs 3005 BR's Sustainable Competitive Advantage (SCA).