Pandemi Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) saat ini masih berlangsung dan masih belum ada kejelasan kapan usai. Beberapa hal yang sudah dilakukan sebagai upaya pemutusan rantai penyebaran virus diantaranya penerapan protokol kesehatan, pembatasan berkegiatan dan pemberian vaksin. Dalam hal persiapan kegiatan sekolah tatap muka, diperlukan beberapa hal diantaranya sarana dan kesiapan setiap personel di sekolah baik pendidik maupun siswa siswinya. Untuk menunjang hal tersebut maka dilakukan pengabdian masyarakat dengan fokus edukasi tentang protokol kesehatan dan pelatihan pembuatan handsanitizer bagi pendidik dan tenaga kepedidikan yang nantinya berinteraksi langsung dengan siswa siswi di sekolah.

The development of diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes, is influenced by the important role of postprandial blood glucose. One strategy for controlling postprandial hyperglycemia is inhibiting the digestion of dietary carbohydrates through inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase enzymes. A natural alpha-amylase enzyme inhibition strategy that utilizes natural ingredients is an important alternative in the development of antidiabetic drugs. Peperomia pellucida herb is one of the plants which can be potentially be developed as an antidiabetic. This study aims to examine the effects of antidiabetic extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Peperomia pellucida in inhibiting the alpha-amylase enzyme. The research was conducted by determining the total flavonoid content using the quercetin standard. Antidiabetic studies were carried out by reducing sugar produced from the hydrolysis starch determined by colorimetric assay with dinitrosalicylic reagent. The activity of extract and fraction of Peperomia pellucida in inhibiting alpha-amylase enzyme were analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer instrument. Total flavonoid content was calculated by entering the absorbance value into the standard quercetin curve, while the IC50 value of in vitro antidiabetic activity was determined by entering the value 50 on the curve between the sample concentration and % inhibition of the alpha-amylase enzyme. The results showed that the total flavonoid content of the ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of Peperomia pellucida were 88.24±3.07 mg QE/g extract and 80.45±2.81 mg QE/g fraction, respectively. Based on the results, the inhibition of the alpha-amylase enzyme showed that the ethanol extract and the ethyl acetate fraction of Peperomia pellucida had an inhibitory activity with the IC50 value of the ethanol extract 1066.20 μg/mL and the ethyl acetate fraction 907.19 μg/mL. Meanwhile, the control of acarbose showed an IC50 value of 499.96 μg/mL. Ethanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction of Peperomia pellucida herbs have an antidiabetic activity with the mechanism of inhibiting the activity of alpha-amylase enzyme, but the activity is lower than acarbose.

Formalin adalah sebagai larutan yang mengandung 30% hingga 50% formalin dengan 0,5% hingga 15% metanol sebagai penghambat polimerisasi. Formalin digunakan sebagai penyemprot tanaman (3%) dilakukan agar panen tidak mudah busuk dan layu. Namun hal ini dapat berakibat adanya residu pada tanaman dan hasil panennya yang dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan tubuh ketika dikonsumsi. Formalin sangat berbahaya jika terakumulasi di dalam tubuh. Ambang batas aman formalin pada makanan yang masuk dalam tubuh orang dewasa adalah 1,5-14 mg per hari sedangkan formalin dalam bentuk air minum yang masih bisa ditolerir adalah 0,1 ppm. Oleh karena itu pada penelitian kali ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis keberadaan residu formalin pada cabai dan darah manusia yang mengkonsumsi hasil panen cabai yang terkontaminasi formalin. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengembangkan metode untuk mendeteksi formalin pada cabai dan sampel darah sebagai media deteksi untuk kondisi tubuh yang kemudian direaksikan dengan pararosanillin HCl. Diperoleh hasil reaksi warna merah muda gelap diikuti dengan deteksi metode Spektrofotometer UV-VIS pada panjang gelombang 539,0 nm. Dari hasil yang diteliti menunjukkan bahwa metode ini mampu mendeteksi formalin pada sampel darah dengan Y = 6,364x - 0,009 dan nilai koefisien korelasi (r) sebesar 0,996 dan Vx0 < 2, batas deteksi adalah 0,069 ppm dan batas kuantisasi adalah 0,230 ppm. Hasil akurasi memberikan nilai rata-rata 88,173%. Nilai presisi dinyatakan dengan Deviasi Standar Relatif 1,047%. Sampel cabai yang dikumpulkan dari sekitar gunung bromo terdeteksi dengan hasil rentang konsentrasi formalin dari 2.106 - 4, 667 ppm. namun untuk sampel darah manusia di sekitar lereng gunung bromo tidak ditemukan adanya formalin.

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is one of the medicinal plants which is known to contain secondary metabolites such as flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids, saponins, steroids, and alkaloids. Alkaloids have therapeutic effects as antimalarials and cancer. Research in determining the alkaloids in coriander was carried out by separating the alkaloids from other substances using the soxhlet method extraction with two solvents ethanol and n-hexane. The total alkaloid content is determined using a UV-VIS spectrophotometer at wavelength 351,5 nm. The reaction of alkaloids with Bromocresol green (BCG) is obtained to form a yellow product. The use of berberine standard was obtained the total alkaloid content of ethanol and n-hexane extract in coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum) were 0.524% and 0.583% respectively, and the ratio of total alkaloid content of ethanol extract was smaller than that of n-hexane extract.

Introduction: Cholesterol was one part of fat as one of the nutrients that the body needs and a high calorie producer. Plants made from natural ingredients, for example, bay leaves contain high flavonoids and are hypolipidemic as well as antioxidants that can inhibit oxidative stress. Objective: This study aims to to determine the effectiveness of the ethanol extract of bay leaves (Syzygyum polyanthum) against male white rats wistar strain diabetes mellitus with hypercholesterolemia. Methode: The experimental animals used were male wistar rats induced with streptozotocin at a dose of 30mg/kg BW. The test animals were divided into six groups, each group consisted of 5 rats. Group (I) as a normal control were given standard feed and 0.5% Na CMC, group (II) was given 0.5% Na CMC as a negative control, group (III) was given simvastatin as a positive control, groups (IV) to (VI) were given ethanol extract of bay leaves with a certain dose namely 500mg/kg BW; 750mg/kg BW, and 1g/kg BW.The data obtained were analyzed using One Way Anova statistical test with 95% confidence level. Results: The results of the analysis showed that the p value < 0.005, which means that the ethanolic extract of bay leaf has an effect on cholesterol levels in diabetes mellitus  male rats strain Wistar. The effective dose that gives the optimum effect is the ethanolic extract of bay leaf 1g/kgBW. Conclusion: The ethanol extract of bay leaf 1g/kg BW was able to provide optimum antihypercholesterol effects in diabetes mellitus  male rats strain Wistar