Macrophages play an important role in the development of life-threatening sepsis, which is characterized by multiorgan dysfunction, through their ability to produce inflammatory cytokines. Carvacrol is a phenolic compound that has been confirmed to possess strong anti‑inflammatory activity. In this study, we mainly investigated the effect of carvacrol on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage proinflammatory responses and endotoxic shock. The results showed that carvacrol significantly reduced mouse body weight loss and ameliorated pathological damage to the liver, lung, and heart under LPS-induced sepsis. Carvacrol attenuated inflammatory responses by inhibiting the LPS-induced production of inflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) in vivo and in vitro. Mechanistically, carvacrol inhibited IL-6 production mainly through the ERK1/2 signalling pathway in macrophages. Furthermore, carvacrol improved the survival of septic mice. This study sheds light on the role of carvacrol in the pathogenesis of LPS-induced sepsis, and thus, its potential in treating sepsis patients may be considered.

To analysis and compare the drug resistance of lactic acid bacteria isolated from yoghurt made in China and outside of China. Yoghourt products were purchased from Nanchang supermarkets. The Lactic acid bacteria bacterias in yoghourt were isolated by MRS, MC and M17 medium. The isolated strains were identified by gram’s stain, colony morphology observation and biochemistry reaction test. Drug resistance analysis of the identified strains were analyzed by K-B method. 26 kinds of Lactic acid bacteria, 13 strains of cocci and 13 strains of bacillus, were isolated. All strains were identified by physiology and biochemistry test. They were Lactic acid bacteria bulgaricus, Lactic acid bacteria delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophilus. Bifidobacteria (Bacillus bifidus). Drug resistance analysis revealed that the 26 strains of Lactic acid bacteria showed multiple drug resistance to 13 kinds of antibiotics, such as kanamycin. And all of these Lactic acid bacteria were completely resistant to kanamycin, ampicillin and oxacillin. The drug resistance spectrum of China’s Lactic acid bacteria is similar to that of foreign Lactic acid bacteria, but the drug resistance of China’s Lactic acid bacteria is significantly stronger than that of foreign Lactic acid bacteria. The abuse of antibiotics is serious in dairy industry. We should strengthen the management of antibiotics, reduce the chance of super resistant bacteria, and maintain the food health of the general public.

According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Escherichia coli should not be detected in oral drugs. In this study, a visual LAMP method for rapid detection of Escherichia coli was developed to replace the traditional microbial limit test method. Methods Four specific primers (FIP, BiP, F3, B3) for loop mediated isothermal amplification were designed by using uidA gene of Escherichia coli, and calcein-Mn2+ dye was added to the system to establish a visual loop mediated isothermal amplification detection method for Escherichia coli Finally, the visual LAMP system was used to detect the presence of E.coli and the sensitivity of the system in drugs. Results The specificity of the optimized system was good, using this system to detect 10 different strains, the results showed that only Escherichia coli genome appeared, the system turned green, the other systems were brown yellow; the detection limit of gradient dilution Escherichia coli was 102 CFU/mL by LAMP. Visual LAMP was used to detect the oral drugs sold in the market and not passed the test of the drug administration, and no E.coli was detected, but the oral drugs that were artificially contaminated with E.coli were visualized by LAMP. The color detection limit of the system in oral drugs was 1.8×102 CFU/mL. Conclusion The visual LAMP detection system can be used for the preliminary detection of oral drugs containing Escherichia coli.

Municipal solid waste is a big problem in China. Separating and collecting recyclables from municipal solid wastes is a key approach for resolving waste problems and promoting circular economy. The current collection and recycling of recyclables from municipal solid waste is reviewed for better perspective. The material and value stream are summarized for understanding the potential direction of waste and recyclables. The stakeholder for recyclables collection and recycling is identified and their roles are analyzed. Situation of recycling enterprises is introduced. Finally, some comments for promoting recycling industry development are made for reference.

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