Introduction The relation between body mass index (BMI) categories and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea has been investigated, but the results of these studies are inconsistent and controversial. The aim of our study was to systematically review the literature and investigate the association between each category of BMI and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea. Material and methods We conducted a systematic review and meta‐analysis of observational studies related to BMI and primary dysmenorrhea. Eleven databases—PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), and Wanfang database—were systematically searched from inception to March 2022. We used the 11 items recommended by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality to assess the quality of included studies. The Q test and the I2 test were used to evaluate the heterogeneity among studies. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were pooled by fixed‐effects models or random‐effects models. Stata software version 16.0 was used to complete the statistical analyses. Results A total of 4181 articles were collected from the database, and 12 studies were included based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. A total of 29 647 participants were included in the study, with a mean baseline age of 17–45 years. All included literature was published between 2017 and 2021 and was conducted in six countries. Eleven included studies were of medium quality and one included study was of high quality. Being underweight may be related to the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea (12 studies, n = 6545, OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.18–1.73). Being overweight (12 studies, n = 3098) and obesity (four studies, n = 94) may not be associated with the development of primary dysmenorrhea. Conclusions Being underweight may increase the risk of the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea, whereas overweight and obesity might not be associated with primary dysmenorrhea. Due to the limitations of the meta‐analysis, more studies are needed to investigate the relation between each category of BMI and the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea. To maintain a balanced diet and an appropriate lifestyle is beneficial for people to have the normal category of BMI and live a healthy life, which may play a role in preventing the occurrence of primary dysmenorrhea.

Home-based cardiac rehabilitation has been a major area in cardiac rehabilitation research for a long time. However, there are few systematic studies in this field using bibliometric analysis. We collected articles and reviews for home-based cardiac rehabilitation from the Web of Science Core Collection. Our objectives were to perform a bibliometric analysis and visualization study to determine hotspots and trends of home-based cardiac rehabilitation, identify collaboration and influence among authors, countries, institutions, and journals, and assess the knowledge base to develop clinical research in the future. This study will provide a valuable reference for researchers concerned with HBCR.

Background: Caregivers of stroke patients have demanding caregiving tasks and roles, and they face multiple challenges and a variety of needs in their caregiving process. This study aimed to systematically integrate and evaluate qualitative research data to understand the care experiences of caregivers of stroke patients and to provide them with targeted assistance. Methods: We critically assessed the study using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist for Qualitative Research. Extraction, summarization and meta-synthesis of qualitative data. Qualitative studies related to this study were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, China Science and Technology Journal Database, China Biomedical Literature Database, and Wanfang Database by computer from the establishment of the database to February 2022. The method of tracing citations was used to find other articles that might be included to ensure the comprehensiveness of the search articles. Results: A total of 11 studies, including 167 participants, were included, and 40 research results were extracted, summarized into 8 new categories, and formed 2 meta-themes. Meta-theme 1: Caregivers had emotional struggles during caregiving but were still able to provide compassion and care for patients through positive coping. Meta-theme 2: caregivers faced many difficulties in the care process and were eager for support. Conclusions: Caregiving is a long and heavy process. Society, medical institutions, and families should pay full attention to the feelings and needs of stroke caregivers in the care process and provide appropriate support for them.