BackgroundMany epidemiological studies have found a positive association of periodontal disease (PD) with risk of head and neck cancer (HNC), but the findings are varied or even contradictory. In this work, we performed a meta-analysis to ascertain the relationship between PD and HNC risk.MethodsWe searched the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases for relevant observational studies on the association between PD and HNC risk published up to March 23, 2013. Data from the included studies were extracted and analyzed independently by two authors. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.2 software.ResultsWe obtained seven observational studies involving two cohort and six case-control studies. Random-effects meta-analysis indicated a significant association between PD and HNC risk (odds ratio = 2.63, 95% confidence interval = 1.1.68 - 4.14; p < 0.001), with sensitivity analysis showing that the result was robust. Subgroup analyses based on adjustment for covariates, study design, PD assessment, tumor site, and ethnicity also revealed a significant association.ConclusionsBased on currently evidence, PD is probably a significant and independent risk factor of HNC.

Evidence from cohort studies suggests that patients with periodontal disease are at increased risk of developing lung cancer.

Based on currently available evidence, IL-1β C-511T polymorphism is not associated with the risk of developing CP. Additional research is warranted to further explore and confirm the association of genetic polymorphism and CP.