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Background: Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is involved in multiple immune-mediated disorders including oral lichen planus (OLP). This study investigated the association between VDR gene polymorphisms and the risk of OLP. Methods: In total, 177 OLP patients and 207 healthy participants were recruited from the Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University. Eight single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs731236, rs739837, rs757343, rs2107301, rs2239185, rs7975232, rs11574129 and rs11568820) in the VDR gene were selected and genotyped. Results: The results showed that OLP risk was increased in subjects with the rs2239185 TT genotype (Recessive model: adjusted Odd ratio(OR) = 2.68, 95% Confidence interval(CI) = 1.28-5.62, P = 0.009) and rs7975232 CC genotype (Recessive model: adjusted OR = 2.25, 95% CI = 1.10-4.58, P = 0.026). Moreover, rs2239185 and rs7975232 (P < 0.01) showed significant cumulative effects on OLP risk.Haplotype analysis showed that the CC haplotype (rs2239185-rs7975232) was associated with an increased risk of OLP (OR = 3.11, 95% CI = 1.42-6.83, P = 0.005), compared with the AC haplotype. Conclusion: The rs2239185 and rs7975232 variants of VDR may influence OLP susceptibility, and VDR gene polymorphisms may be candidate susceptibility regions for OLP in a Chinese Han population.

Host genetic factors and environment factors including hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype are widely viewed as common basis of the different outcomes of HBV infection. Human leucocyte antigen (HLA) plays an important role in immunological reaction to HBV infection. The study aimed to explore whether the HLA-DQB1 allele polymorphisms are associated with the outcomes of HBV infection in the Chinese Han population. One hundred and thirty-four asymptomatic HBV carriers and 139 chronic hepatitis B patients were recruited in this case-control study in Beijing, China. Sequence-specific primers-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect 13 alleles of HLA-DQB1 gene. The frequency distributions of alleles in two groups were analysed using sas 9.1.2 software. After adjustment of confounders the frequencies of HLA-DQB1*0503 allele and *0303 allele in chronic hepatitis B group were statistically significant lower than those in asymptomatic HBV carrier group (P = 0.04; P = 0.05), and the frequency of exposure to alcohol consumption in patients with chronic hepatitis B was clearly higher than that in asymptomatic HBV carrier group (P = 0.004). HLA-DQB1*0503 allele and *0303 allele are independently resistant genetic factors to chronic hepatitis B, and alcohol consumption is the risk factor of chronic hepatitis B.

Human innate immune plays an essential role in the spontaneous clearance of acute infection and therapy of HCV. We investigated whether the SNPs in retinoic acid-inducible gene I-like receptor family were associated with HCV spontaneous clearance and response to treatment. To evaluate the clinical value of DDX58 rs3824456, rs10813831 and rs10738889 genotypes on HCV spontaneous clearance and treatment response in Chinese Han population, we genotyped 1001 HCV persistent infectors, 599 participants with HCV natural clearance and 354 patients with PEGylated interferon-α and ribavirin (PEG IFN-α/RBV) treatment. People carrying rs10813831-G allele genotype were more liable to achieve spontaneous clearance than the carriage of the T allele (dominant model: adjusted OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.08–1.71, P = 0.008). In rs10738889, the rate of persistent infection was significantly lower in patients with the TC genotype compared to those with TT genotype (dominant model: adjusted OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.06–1.74, P = 0.015). Multivariate stepwise analysis indicated that rs10738889, age, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were independent predictors for HCV spontaneous clearance. However, there were no significant differences in the three selection SNPs between the non-SVR group and the SVR group. These results suggest the DDX58 rs10813831 and rs10738889 are associated with spontaneous clearance of HCV, which may be identified as a predictive marker in the Chinese Han population of HCV.