In a number of countries, students build up portfolios of their achievements as they study. These are then presented when they apply for jobs or for further study. Various projects exist which are exploring the "e-Portfolio" concept where such portfolios are maintained and presented online, enabling greater power and flexibility in displaying achievements. However, the validation of certificates of attainment which the student is presenting has not been addressed until now.The process by which achievements are verified is called "eCertification". It raises interesting issues as it involves three-party authentication. An "eCert" project has recently run in order to explore these issues. This paper records the lessons learned about how we may best approach the process of validating students' claimed awards in such an environment.

Abstract-we all receive paper based certificates during our study journey, but they are hard to manage to avoid damage or loss.The field of e-Learning provides technological developments, such as e-portfolios, which enable greater power and flexibility in displaying achievements. These may include on-line versions of certificates of the applicant's attainment which overcome the limitations of paper-based versions. However, these "e-certificates" present a number of practical challenges, which so far have not been addressed, such as the validation of claimed e-qualification certificates. This paper addresses the issues, and explores the gap between current eportfolio tools and the desired e-qualification certificate system. Through analysis of the existing systems and ecertificate use cases, we have identified existing services that can be reused and the services that require further development, thereby presenting an approach which solves the above problems.Preliminary results indicate that the recommendation from this research meets the design requirements, and could form the foundation of future ecertificate implementations.

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As technologies develop rapidly, digital signing is commonly used in eDocument security. However, unaddressed issues exist. An eCertificate system represents the problem situation, and therefore is being used as case study, in a project called eCert, to research for the solution. This paper addresses these issues, explores the gap between current tools and the desired system, through analysis of the existing services and eCertificate use cases, and the identified requirements, thereby presenting an approach which solves the above problems. Preliminary results indicate that the recommendation from this research meets the design requirements, and could form the foundation of future study of solving digital signing issues. Limitation of digital signing

While our paper-based records and documents are gradually digitized, security concerns about how such electronic data is stored and transmitted have increased. This has a serious impact on our healthcare information system, as it contains sensitive patient data. The prevention of unauthorized modification and loss of records is highly important in the healthcare sector. What's more, information owners have increasing demands regarding their rights of ownership. Therefore, a secured user-centric healthcare information management system is not only required but also important. This paper presents a protocol for the management of healthcare information in the form of a securely distributed eHealthcare document, the eHealth-eCert. By analysis of the eHealthcare problem domain, a system has been derived with both eCert supported functions and eHealthcare unique features.