The aim of the present study was to identify key genes associated with atopic dermatitis (AD) using microarray data and bioinformatic analyses. The dataset GSE6012, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, contains gene expression data from 10 AD skin samples and 10 healthy skin samples. Following data preprocessing, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified using the limma package of the R project. Interaction networks were constructed comprising DEGs that showed a degree of node of >3, >5 and >10, using the Osprey software. Functional enrichment and pathway enrichment analysis of the network comprising all DEGs and of the network comprising DEGs with a high degree of node, were performed with the DAVID and WebGestalt toolkits, respectively. A total of 337 DEGs were identified. The functional enrichment analysis revealed that the list of DEGs was significantly enriched for proteins related to epidermis development (P=2.95E-07), including loricrin (LOR), keratin 17 (KRT17), small proline-rich repeat proteins (SPRRs) and involucrin (IVL). The chemokine signaling pathway was the most significantly enriched pathway (P=0.0490978) in the network of all DEGs and in the network consisting of high degree‑node DEGs (>10), which comprised the genes coding for chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7), chemokine ligand (CCL19), signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1), and phosphoinositide-3-kinase regulatory subunit 1 (PIK3R1). In conclusion, the list of AD-associated proteins identified in this study, including LOR, KRT17, SPRRs, IVL, CCR7, CCL19, PIK3R1 and STAT1 may prove useful for the development of methods to treat AD. From these proteins, PIK3R1 and KRT17 are novel and promising targets for AD therapy.

Abstract：The overvoltage phenomena of ultra high voltage (UHV) transmission lines are analyzed and verified by EMTDC/PSCAD simulation. Referring to the theoretical analyses and operating experiences of extra high voltage (EHV) transmission lines in China and UHV transmission lines in Russia and Japan, the methods to suppress the internal overvoltage in UHV transmission lines by protection and control strategies are discussed. Through the cooperation among the recloser, shunt reactor, tripping and closing resistance, and metal oxide varistor(MOV), the overvoltage can be restrained within an acceptable level.With the increase of the voltage level of power lines, the request of safety and stable operation is stricter. Because margin of the insulators tolerating the overvoltage in ultra high voltage (UHV) transmission lines is smaller than that in extra high voltage (EHV) transmission lines [1,2] , it is also an important mission for relay protection and automatic devices in UHV transmission lines to suppress or avoid the peak of overvoltage through the cooperation of acting time. It is necessary to particularly analyze the origination and influencing factors of the overvoltage of UHV transmission lines and set suitable operation time of relay protection and reclosing-device in order to reduce the influence of overvoltage [3] . This paper analyzes the causes of the overvoltage occurring in UHV transmission lines, including the power-frequency overvoltage and switching overvoltage, discusses the strategies of suppressing overvoltage by the cooperation among protection, reclosure and the relevant controllable devices of UHV transmission lines, and puts forward the measures and advice to suppress the overvoltage of UHV transmission lines. Power-frequency overvoltageThe UHV transmission line is put into operation for long distance power transmission with large transmission capacity. With the length of the transmission line increasing, the charging power of the line is remarkable and the power-frequency overvoltage is great [4] . The amplitude of power-frequency overvoltage and its duration determine the dielectric level of the electric equipments of UHV system [5] . The value of the power-frequency overvoltage is limited under 1.3 p.u. for the experimental project of UHV transmission line in China [6,7] . In some exceptional cases, it can be permitted less than 1.4 p.u. (duration time<0.1 s). Referring to the experiences of EHV system in China and UHV system in Russia and Japan [8][9][10][11] , there are mainly two measures to suppress the power-frequency overvoltage. One is to install shunt reactors on the UHV transmission lines and the other is to limit the duration of power-frequency overvoltage by acting coordination of breakers.The capacitive effect is especially remarkable in UHV transmission lines because the distributed capacitive impedance is smaller than that in EHV lines. In Fig. 1, curve A represents the voltage increase along a nonloaded transmission line. Curve B shows the situation that the source impedan...

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