The tiger nut contains different active ingredients like oil, tannins, sterols, saponins, alkaloids, vitamins C and E, minerals, and resins. There is a lack of information about carbohydrates content of Cyperus esculentus L. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the content of carbohydrates of tiger nut herb and tubers. The qualitative composition and quantitative content of carbohydrates in tubers and herb of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) were determined by using a GC/MS method. The results of analysis showed that tiger nut herb have free carbohydrates, namely D-saccharose, D-glucose, D-Mannitol, and D-fructose, while tubers have only disaccharide D-saccharose. Free D-saccharose presented in raw materials in the greatest amount, the content in tubers was 63.72 mg/g, in the herb – 9.79 mg/g, respectively. Monosaccharides and their derivatives after hydrolysis presented to D-glucose, D-xylose, D-galactose, D-arabinose in tubers, and D-xylose, D-glucose, D-arabinose, D-galactose, D-Dulcitol, D-Mannitol, D-mannose in the herb of tiger nut. D-glucose dominates in tubers and D-xylose in the herb, their content was 177.26 mg/g and 39.07 mg/g, respectively. The total content of fructans was determined by the spectrophotometric method. Its content was 13.49% in tubers and 8.78% in the herb of tiger nut.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to determine sugars and amino acids content of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. herb. In continuation of the investigation of biologically active substances from Antennaria dioica Gaertn., it advisable to study the qualitative composition and quantitative contents of sugars and amino acids from the herb of this plant. Methods: The herb of Antennaria dioica Gaertn. was analyzed for the content of sugars by GC/MS. The amino acids were identified and quantified by HPLC method. Results: The results of GC/MS analysis showed that in Antennaria dioica Gaertn. herb D-glucose had the highest content (7.16±0.09) mg/g, followed by D-fructose (5.27±0.06) mg/g and D-saccharose (6.72±0.08) mg/g. In the raw material a large amount of monosaccharides derivative–Myo-inositol was revealed, a content of which was (2.12±0.06) mg/g. We determined 17 bound and 16 free amino acids in the Antennaria dioica Gaertn. by HPLC method. Conclusion: The contents of primary metabolites provide opportunities for creating medicine and food supplements. The results show that Antennaria dioica Gaertn. is a rich source of these important biologically active substances. The resulting data will be used with the further purpose to produce new drugs of natural origin.

Objective: Thus, the aim of our research was to determine the qualitative composition and quantitative content of carbohydrates in the studied plant material with the prospect of its application as a medicinal plant raw material. Methods: The carbohydrates of the herb of Gentiana cruciata L. determined by GC/MS method. Identification of monosaccharides was based on comparing their retention times with retention times of standards of the mass spectral library NIST 02. Quantification was done by using sorbitol added to the sample. Results: The quantitative content of 4 free carbohydrates such as D-saccharose (38.39 mg/g), D-Pinitol (12.01 mg/g), D-glucose (10.05 mg/g) and D-fructose (1.69 mg/g) was established in the herb of Gentiana cruciata L. Also, this method established the qualitative composition and quantitative content of eight carbohydrates (monosaccharides and their derivatives after hydrolysis): D-glucose (29.66 mg/g), D-Pinitol (22.24 mg/g), L-arabinose (4.26 mg/g), D-galactose (3.55 mg/g), D-xylose (1.80 mg/g), L-rhamnose (1.49 mg/g), D-Dulcitol (0.76 mg/g) and D-mannose (0.44 mg/g). Conclusion: The results of the study showed that carbohydrates from the Gentiana cruciata L. can be used as important resources of new ingredients for the pharmaceutical industry.

One of the tasks of pharmaceutical science is to find new sources of effective drugs. Such sources include plants such as Angelica archangelica L. and Angelica sylvestris L., which have been used for many years to treat various diseases in folk medicine. Because the chemical composition of these plants is poorly understood, the aim of our study was to investigate the amino acid composition of the leaves of A. archangelica L. and A. sylvestris L. The amino acids of the leaves of the study species of the genus Angelica L. were determined by the HPLC method. Eighteen free and nineteen bound amino acids were identified in the leaves of A. archangelica L. The A. sylvestris L. leaves contained nineteen free and the same amount of bound amino acids. High concentrations of free and bound amino acids such as L-glutamic acid and L-aspartic acid predominate in A. archangelica L. and A. sylvestris L. This allowed these amino acids to be considered distinguishing markers of the study plants. Character metabolic processes in which these amino acids take part may be associated with the medicinal properties of these plants pursuant to their use in medicine and, therefore, may contribute to the insight of their therapeutic properties.

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