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Using textual passwords suffer from the balance between security and usability. Password policies are usually adopted by system administrators to force users to choose strong passwords. However, users often use a simple password to make it easy to remember, which reduces the password strength and make it vulnerable to information security threats. When users enter their passwords in public places like airports or cafes, they become exposed to shoulder surfing attacks which are considered as a kind of social engineering. With a little effort, an attacker can capture a password by recording the individual's authentication session or by direct observation. To overcome this vulnerability, we propose a new textual-password approach that uses camouflage characters and a virtual keyboard which leads to generating strong and easy to remember passwords. The perspective of usability and security was evaluated by experimental studies conducted with 65 users and then compared with recent studies. The results showed that the proposed technique has the lowest shoulder surfing success rate with just 3.63% with reasonable usability.

Network Mobility Basic Support (NEMO BS) protocol (RFC 3963) is an extension of Mobile IPv6. The NEMO BS embraced by IETF working group to permit any node in the portable network to be accessible to the Internet despite the fact the network itself is roaming. This protocol likewise Mobile IPv6 doesn't deliver any kind of Quality of Service (QoS) guarantees to its clients. It can barely offer the same level of services (i.e. Best-Effort) to all the users without obligation to the application's needs. This propositions a challenge to real-time applications that demand a precise level of QoS pledge. The Differentiated Services has recently come to be the most widely used QoS support technology in IP networks due to its relative simplicity and scalability benefits. This paper proposes a new scheme to provide QoS to mobile network nodes within NEMO context. The proposed scheme intends to reduce handover latency for the users of MNN as well as alleviates packet losses. The feasibility of the proposed enhancement is assessed by measuring its performance against the native NEMO BS standard protocol using NS-2 simulator. The obtained results in the simulation study have demonstrated that the proposed scheme outperforms the standard NEMO BS protocol.