Notre travail a été une étude rétrospective, menée du 1 er janvier 1986 au 31 décembre 2006, dans les trois laboratoires d'anatomie et de cytologie pathologiques de la ville de Ouagadougou que compte le Burkina Faso. Il avait pour objectif d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques et histologiques des cancers à Ouagadougou. Il est ressorti que : 1) le nombre de cas diagnostiqués a connu une augmentation progressive au fil des années ; 2) la fréquence annuelle du cancer était de 200,2 cas ; 3) une prédominance féminine avec 54,9 % des effectifs et 45,1 % chez l'homme. Le sex-ratio était de 0,82 ; 4) l'âge moyen de survenue du cancer a été de 45,88 ans, tout sexe confondu, chez l'homme, l'âge moyen de survenue du cancer a été de 47,35 ans, alors que chez la femme l'âge moyen a été de 44,68 ans ; 5) chez l'homme, les cancers les plus fréquents étaient : le cancer de la peau (11,37 %) qui occupait le premier rang, suivi du lymphome non hodgkinien (9,80 %) et du cancer de la prostate (9,69 %). Chez la femme, le cancer du sein occupait la première place (23,81 %), suivi du cancer du col de l'utérus (22,99 %) ; 6) sur le plan histologique, les carcinomes ont été les plus représentés avec 75,53 % des cas, suivis des sarcomes (10,86 %) ; 7) chez l'enfant, le lymphome de Burkitt (41,95 %) était la tumeur la plus fréquente, suivis du rétinoblastome (12,29 %) et du néphroblastome (11,86 %). Mots clés Cancer · Histopathologie · OuagadougouAbstract Our work was a retrospective study conducted from in the different departments of pathology of Ouagadougou. The general goal was to determine the histological and epidemiological aspects of cancers in Ouagadougou. It was noted: 1) the number of the cases has increased with the time; 2) the annual average frequency of the cancer was 200.2 cases; 3) women were predominant with 54.9% of cases with a sex ratio of 0.82. The average age of happening of the cancer was 45.88 years for the both sex. It was 47.35 years for men and 44.68 years for women. The most frequent cancers for men were skin cancer (11.37%), followed by non-Hodgkin lymphoma (9.80%) and prostate one (9.69%). For women we had breast cancer (23.81%) followed by cancer of uterine neck (22.99%). At the histological plan, carcinoma represented 75.53% of cases followed by sarcoma (10.86%). Burkitt lymphoma (41.95%) represented childhood cancers followed by retinoblastoma (12.29%) and nephroblastoma (11.86%).

The Objective was to assess the knowledge and practical abilities of final year nursing and midwifery students in health schools of Ouagadougou relating to screening and early diagnosis of breast cancer. This is a cross-sectional, prospective and descriptive observational study conducted from 1st November 2014 to 31st January 2015. A sample of 403 students was used for this study. Data were collected using an individual questionaire and were typed on Epi data and then analyzed on SPSS software. Chi-square tests were used to compare the different proportions. The difference is considered to be significant if p value < 0.05. Three hundred and ninety nine students filled the questionnaire, i.e. a rate of non-respondents of 1%. All students were aware of the existence of breast cancer. The media (47.8%) was the main source of information. The level of knowledge of students was satisfactory with frequencies of 83.9% for risk factors; 91.6% for clinical signs; 83.4 % for screening methods and 88.1% for therapeutic terms of breast cancers. However, focus should be put on the teaching of cancerology and the supervision of students during internship, must be reinforced. These results attest that the level of students in the knowledge and practical abilities concerning screening and early diagnosis of breast cancer is satisfactory.

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