We present here a novel method to assess coastal vulnerability to tsunami based on GIS (Geographical Information System), ASTER imagery (Advanced Spaceborn Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) and SRTM-3 elevation model (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission-3). We developed this method within the CRATER project (Coastal Risk Analysis for Tsunamis and Environmental Remediation) and applied it on the whole western coast of Thailand. As result, we generated a set of vectorial vulnerability maps with a geometrical resolution of 90m (scale 1:450 000). This approach provides a low-cost and quick tool to analyse extended coastal tracts, and prioritize investments for prevention measures or for further high-resolution analysis. Un nuovo approccio (metodo CRATER) per la stima a scala regionale della vulnerabilità a tsunami mediante immagini ASTER Riassunto Il lavoro presentato introduce un nuovo metodo per la stima della vulnerabilità costiera a tsunami, basato sul GIS (Geographical Information System), sull'impiego di immagini ASTER (Advanced Spaceborn Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer) e modelli di elevazione SRTM-3 (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission-3). Il metodo è stato sviluppato nell'ambito del progetto CRATER (Coastal Risk Analysis for Tsunamis and EnvironmentalRemediation) ed applicato all'intera costa occidentale della Tailandia. I risultati consistono in un set di mappe vettoriali della vulnerabilità con risoluzione di 90m (scala 1:450 000). Tale approccio costituisce un mezzo relativamente economico e veloce per l'analisi di estesi tratti costieri e per la gestione di investimenti in misure di prevenzione o in ulteriori analisi ad alta risoluzione. Tsunami, Vulnerabilità costiera, ASTER, GIS, Uso Suolo. Dall'Osso et al. Tsunami vulnerability at the regional scale: the CRATER method Parole chiave:

The Destination Earth (DestinE) European initiative has recently brought into the scientific community the concept of the Digital Twin (DT) applied to Earth Sciences. Within 2030, a very high precision digital model of the Earth, continuously fed and powered by Earth Observation (EO) data, will provide as many digital replicas (DTs) as the different domains of the earth sciences are. Considering that a DT is driven by use cases, depending on the selected application, the provided information has to change. It follows that, to achieve a reliable representation of the selected use case, a reasonable and complete a priori definition of the needed elements that DT must contain is mandatory. In this work, we define a possible theoretical framework for a future DT of the Italian Alpine glaciers, trying to define and describe all those information (both EO and in situ data) and relationships that necessarily have to enter the process as building blocks of the DT itself. Two main aspects of glaciers were considered and investigated: (i) the “metric quantification” of their spatial dynamics (achieved through measures) and (ii) the “qualitative (semantic) description” of their health status as definable through observations from domain experts. After the first identification of the building blocks, the work proceeds focusing on existing EO data sources providing their essential elements, with specific focus on open access high-resolution (HR) and very-high-resolution (VHR) images. This last issue considered two scales of analysis: local (single glacier) and regional (Italian Alps). Some considerations were furtherly reported about the expected glaciers-related applications enabled by the availability of a DT at regional level. Applications involving both metric and semantic information were considered and grouped in three main clusters: Glaciers Evolution Modelling (GEM), 4D Multi Reality, and Virtual Reality. Limitations were additionally explored, mainly related to the technical characteristics of available EO VHR open data and some conclusions provided.

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