The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence, identification of species and the dynamics of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites during humid and dry seasons in local cattle of different ages. The study was carried out in the Province of Bejaia, Algeria from December 2013 to June 2014. A total of 143 fecal samples were collected from different cattle herds. Fecal samples were visually examined then observed using flotation and sedimentation microscopic techniques. Eggs and worms were identified according to standard procedures. 63% of the cattle examined were found positive with one or more parasite species. Our results revealed that the eggs of Eimeria spp. are predominant (43.87%) followed by Strongylus spp. (30.32%) and Fasciola hepatica (12.25%). Eggs of Strongyloides papillosus, Moniezia benedeni, Paramphistomum daubneyi. and Toxocara vitulorum represent 1.29%, 1.93%, 1.93% and 6.45%, respectively. There is a significant difference between the sex of the animal and the prevalence rate of Strongyle spp. and Eimeria spp. (P< 0.01 ). As for the body condition score, there is a statically significant (P< 0.01 ) difference between the prevalence rate of GI parasite and the nutritional status of cattle. In conclusion, our preliminary investigation demonstrated highly prevalent and that abundance of the polyparasitism nature of the disease in Bass Kabylie area. Also, there was a relationship between the distribution of GI parasitism in cattle and the factors analyzed (body condition score, age and sex). Further studies are need for planning future research and to design rational and sustainable locally GI parasites control programmes.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate in vitro the anthelmintic activity of Marrubium vulgare L. growing in Algeria against digestive strongyles in naturally infected bovine. Methods: The anthelmintic activities of the extracts were evaluated using the egg hatch assay and larval mortality assay. Leaves powder of M. vulgare as extracted by maceration. Ethanolic (EE) and aqueous extracts (AE) were tested at 0.78, 1.55, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25, and 50 mg/ml. Albendazole and dimethyl sulfoxide were used as positive and negative controls at concentrations20 mg/ml and 3%, respectively. Results: The mean embryonation rate was maximum in AE and EE (48.4±3.47% and 54.2±2.87%, respectively) of M. vulgare leaves. The extracts of M. vulgare leaves high effects were observed with 50 mg/ml, but the lowest reduction on parasite eggs hatchability was observed in cultures exposed to 0.78 mg/ml to both extracts. The larval mortality rate of both AE and EE from M. vulgare showed that the extracts at 50 mg/ml exhibited 45.8±1.99% and 51±2.53%, respectively, at 24h. Conclusion: The findings of the present study showed that AE and EE of M. vulgare leaves have a potential anthelmintic activity on eggs and larvae of bovine strongyles parasites in vitro.

The present research aimed to evaluate the in-vitro anthelmintic activity of M. communis and U. dioica against digestive strongyles in naturally infected cattle. The anthelmintic activities of the extracts were evaluated using the egg hatch assay and larval mortality assay. Leaves powder of M. communis and U. dioica was extracted by maceration. Ethanolic and water extracts were test at 0.78, 1.55, 3.1, 6.2, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg/ml. Albendazole and DMSO was used as a positive and negative control at concentration 20 mg/ml and 3%, respectively. The results of regression line indicated that LC50 of Urtica dioica EE and EA were very low namely 2.57, 3.02 and 3.22 mg/ml; and 4.90, 4.67 and 3.24 mg/ml for inhibition of embryonation eggs, hatching rate and L1 mortality, respectively. The mean embryonation rate maximum was 100% at 25 and 50 mg/ml concentration in AE and EE U. dioica; whereas M. communis recorded a maximum level of 57.1 ± 3.12% and 63.95 ± 3.01% at 50 mg/ml concentration for the AE and EE, respectively. The extracts of U. dioica leaves high effects (100%) were observed with 25 and 50 mg/ml in both extracts, whereas M. communis recorded a high level at 50mg/ml concentration for the AE and EE (58.05±3.69% and 65.13±3.13%, respectively). The larval mortality rate of both AE and EE from U. dioica showed that the extracts at and 25 and 50 mg/ml exhibited 100 % at 24h of contact. In conclusion, these findings showed that, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of U. dioica and M. communis leaves have a potential anthelmintic activity on eggs and larvae of bovine strongly parasites.