No abstract

Background This study investigated the impact on all‐cause mortality of airflow limitation indicative of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or restrictive spirometry pattern (RSP) in a stable systolic heart failure population. Hypothesis Decreased lung function indicates poor survival in heart failure. Methods Inclusion criteria: NYHA class II‐IV and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 45%. Prognosis was assessed with multivariate Cox proportional hazards models. Two criteria of obstructive airflow limitation were applied: FEV1/FVC < 0.7 (GOLD), and FEV1/FVC < lower limit of normality (LLN). RSP was defined as FEV1/FVC > 0.7 and FVC<80% or FEV1/FVC > LLN and FVC

No abstract