Background Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increased risk of perinatal complications for both the women and the fetuses. The association between the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphism and GDM has not been thoroughly investigated in Chinese pregnant women. Therefore, we aimed to determine whether VDR gene single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs154410, rs7975232, rs731236, rs2228570 and rs739837 contribute to GDM risk in Wuhan, China. Moreover, we aimed to explore their combined effects on the risk of GDM. Methods Pregnant women who had prenatal examinations at 24 to 28 weeks’ gestation in our hospital from January 15, 2018 to March 31, 2019 were included in this case-control study. After exclusion, a total of 1684 pregnant women (826 GDM patients and 858 non-diabetic controls) were recruited. The clinical information and blood samples were collected by trained interviewers and nurses. Genotyping of candidate SNPs was conducted on the Sequenom MassARRAY platform. Statistical analyses including t-test, ANOVA, chi-square test and logistic regression were performed to the data with SPSS Software to evaluate differences in genotype distribution and associations with GDM risk. Multifactor dimensionality reduction method was used to explore the gene-gene interactions on the risk of GDM. Results Differences in age, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes and previous history of GDM between the case and control groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05), whereas no significant differences were found in height, gravidity, parity, and age of menarche (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences at genotype distributions of the examined VDR gene SNPs (P > 0.05). After adjusting by age, pre-pregnancy BMI, family history of diabetes, the results of logistic regression analysis showed no associations of the five SNPs with GDM in all the four genotype models(P > 0.05). Furthermore, there were no gene-gene interactions on the GDM risk among the five examined VDR gene SNPs. Conclusions The VDR gene SNPs rs154410, rs7975232, rs731236, rs2228570 and rs739837 showed neither significant associations nor gene-gene interactions with GDM in Wuhan, China.

Evidence on the short-term effects of ambient air pollution on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mortality is still not conclusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between them in Wuhan China. Daily death numbers, concentrations of air pollutants (PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 ), and meteorological characteristics in Wuhan from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2019, were collected. Time-series analysis using generalized additive model was applied. The results showed that a total of 16,150 deaths (7.37 deaths per day) from COPD were observed. The daily average concentrations of PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , NO 2 , and O 3 were 59.03, 90.48, 12.91, 48.84, and 91.77 μg/m 3 , respectively. In single pollutant model, for every increase of 10 μg/m 3 in PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO 2 levels, COPD mortality increased by 0.583% (95% CI: 0.055–1.113%), 4.299% (95% CI: 0.978–7.729%), and 1.816% (95% CI: 0.515–3.313%) at lag03, respectively. No significant associations were found for PM 2.5 and O 3 . Subgroup analysis demonstrated that females were more susceptible to PM 2.5 , PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO 2 . The concentrations of PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO 2 were significantly associated with COPD mortality for older adults. The effects of PM 2.5 and O 3 on COPD mortality were higher in warm period. In two-pollutant models, the significantly positive associations between SO 2 and NO 2 and COPD mortality remained after adjusting for PM 2.5 or O 3 . In conclusions, short-term exposure to PM 10 , SO 2 , and NO 2 are significantly associated with a higher risk of COPD mortality. Female or elderly are more susceptible to air pollution. It is urgent to implement the environmental protection policy. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11356-021-13180-6.

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Purpose The aim of the study was to find out the associations of Melatonin receptor 1B ( MTNR1B ) genetic variants with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Wuhan of central China. Patients and Methods A hospital-based case–control study that included 1679 women was carried out to explore the associations of MTNR1B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with GDM risk, which were analyzed through logistic regression analysis by adjusting age, pre-pregnancy BMI and family history of diabetes. Multifactor dimensionality reduction was applied to determine gene–gene interactions between SNPs. Results MTNR1B SNPs rs10830962, rs10830963, rs1387153, rs7936247 and rs4753426 were significantly associated with GDM risk ( P <0.05). The rs10830962/G, rs10830963/G, rs1387153/T, and rs7936247/T were risk variants, whereas rs4753426/T was protective variant for GDM development. Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 1h-plasma glucose (PG) were significantly different among genotypes at rs10830962 and rs10830963, whereas 2h-PG levels were not. Gene–gene interactions were not found among the five SNPs on GDM risk. Conclusion MTNR1B genetic variants have significant associations but no gene–gene interactions with GDM risk in central Chinese population. Furthermore, MTNR1B SNPs have significant relationships with glycemic traits.

IntroductionTo identify the association of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit associated protein 1-like 1 (CDKAL1) gene polymorphism with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the Chinese population.Research design and methodsThis case-control study enrolled 835 pregnant women with GDM and 870 pregnant women without diabetes who underwent antenatal examination during 24 to 28 gestational weeks at the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Hubei Province from January 15, 2018 to March 31, 2019. Trained nurses collected their clinical information and blood samples.CDKAL1gene rs10440833, rs10946398, rs4712523, rs4712524, rs7754840, rs7756992 and rs9465871 loci were genotyped by Agena MassARRAY system. SPSS V.26.0 software and online SHesis were used to analyze the relationship betweenCDKAL1gene polymorphism and GDM susceptibility.ResultsAfter being adjusted for maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), parity and family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM),CDKAL1gene rs10440833 (AA vs TT, OR=1.631, 95% CI 1.192 to 2.232), rs10946398 (CC vs AA, OR=1.400, 95% CI 1.028 to 1.905), rs4712523(GG vs AA, OR=1.409, 95% CI 1.038 to 1.913), rs4712524 (GG vs AA, OR=1.418, 95% CI 1.043 to 1.929) and rs7754840 (CC vs GG, OR=1.407, 95% CI 1.036 to 1.911) polymorphisms were all associated with the increased risk of GDM. In addition, there was a powerful linkage disequilibrium (LD) among rs10946398, rs4712523, rs4712524 and rs7754840 (D′>0.900, r2>0.900). And there were significant differences in haplotype CGGC (OR=1.207, 95% CI 1.050 to 1.387) and AAAG (OR=0.829, 95% CI 0.721 o 0.952, p=0.008) between the GDM group and the control group.Conclusionsrs10440833, rs10946398, rs4712523, rs4712524 and rs7754840 ofCDKAL1gene are associated with GDM susceptibility in central Chinese population.