The results of our study suggest that smoking is a significant independent factor for early ANM.

BackgroundPostmortem studies of people who have successfully committed suicide and people with depression have implicated the serotonin-1A (5-HT1A) receptor system in the pathophysiology of depression. Several molecular imaging studies have investigated alterations in 5-HT1A receptors in patients with depression using positron emission tomography and have reported conflicting results.MethodsWe performed a meta-analysis of studies investigating the relationship between depression and 5-HT1A binding. We conducted a comprehensive search of Medline, Embase, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Springer databases for relevant studies published between January 1999 and October 2015. The meta-analysis was conducted in accordance with the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guidelines.ResultsTen studies were included, comprising 218 patients with depression and 261 healthy controls. The results of these studies indicated a reduction in 5-HT1A receptors in mesiotemporal cortex, yielding a summary effect estimate of -0.8 (95 % CI −1.36, −0.24). Smaller reductions were reported in 5-HT1A receptor binding in the hippocampus, raphe nuclei, insular, anterior cingulate cortex and occipital cortex of people with depression. No clear effect of depression on 5-HT1A receptors was detected in the amygdala.ConclusionsReduced 5-HT1A receptor binding was associated with the pathology of depression and predicted altered serotonergic neurotransmission in various brain regions. These findings increase our understanding of the neurophysiological processes underlying depression.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12888-016-1025-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Background: The prognostic nutritional index (PNI) is an indicator of nutritional immune status.Recently, the PNI has been found to be significantly associated with the clinical outcome of various solid tumors. Few patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer are in a state of malnutrition. In contrast, breast cancer is usually an overnutrition-related disease. This study aimed to explore the relationship of an excessively high PNI with sensitivity to neoadjuvant therapy and the prognosis of patients with locally advanced breast cancer.Methods: A total of 202 patients from two clinical trials, SHPD002 and SHPD003, were included. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the PNI and pathological complete response (pCR). Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed to assess the prognostic factors used to predict disease-free survival (DFS).Results: An excessively high PNI was more difficult to achieve pCR (OR =0.322; 95% CI, 0.132-0.788, P=0.013) and was associated with a worse DFS (log-rank P=0.013). The PNI was an independent prognostic factor for DFS in all patients (

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