COVID-19 is caused by SARS-CoV-2 which has structural and non-structural proteins (NSP) essential for infection and viral replication. There is a possible binding of SARS-CoV-2 to the beta-1 chain of hemoglobin in red blood cells and thus, decreasing the oxygen transport capacity. Since hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) can accumulate in red cells, there is a chance of interaction of this drug with the virus. To analyze possible interactions between SARS-CoV-2 NSP and hemoglobin with the HCQ using molecular docking and implications for the infected host. This research consisted of a study using bioinformatics tools. The files of the protein structures and HCQ were prepared using the AutoDock Tools software. These files were used to perform molecular docking simulations by AutoDock Vina. The binding affinity report of the generated conformers was analyzed using PyMol software, as well as the chemical bonds formed. The results showed that HCQ is capable of interacting with both SARS-CoV-2 NSP and human hemoglobin. The HCQ/NSP3 conformer, HCQ/NSP5, HCQ/NSP7-NSP8-NSP12, HCQ/NSP9, HCQ/NSP10-NSP16 showed binding affinity. In addition, the interaction between HCQ and hemoglobin resulted in polar bonds. Interaction between SARS-CoV-2 NSP and HCQ indicates that this drug possibly acts by preventing the continuity of infection.
A associação terapêutica entre hidroxicloroquina (HCQ) e azitromicina (AZI) foi considerada como terapia para COVID-19, no entanto, não está claro se ocorre uma ação sinérgica. Para melhor compreender esta associação terapêutica, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a interação do HCQ e AZI com receptores humanos in silico.. A análise foi realizada por simulação de docking molecular. As interações químicas do HCQ e AZI com prováveis receptores no organismo humano, ACE2 e CD147, foram analisadas no software AutoDock Vina e os resultados analisados no software PyMol. Os conformadores HCQ-ACE2 e AZI-CD147 foram formados com energia de afinidade significativa de -7,0 Kcal / mol e -7,8 Kcal / mol, respectivamente. Apesar da interação entre HCQ e ACE2 poder prevenir a invasão das células pelo vírus, essa interação pode levar a efeitos colaterais graves. Por sua vez, a interação AZI-CD147 também pode atuar impedindo a entrada do vírus nas células. Além disso, de acordo com o in silicodados, a interação AZI-CD147 ocorreria de forma mais eficaz, o que leva a crer que a ação terapêutica do HCQ no COVID-19 não é tão relevante quanto a ação do AZI e não haveria sinergismo.
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